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Ralph Vaughan Williams (1872-1958)
English composer who was the founder of the Nationalist Movement in English music. He composed a range of works including orchestral, stage, chamber, and vocal works. -
Sergey Rachmaninoff (1873-1943)
Russian composer who was vastly known for his piano virtuoso and his many piano works. Rachmaninoff was still very influenced by 19th century composers and used their traditions to experiment with his own. -
Maurice Ravel (1875-1937)
French composer who was known for his precise work with form and style. He was heavily rooted in tonality and focal tones and his melodies were almost always modal. -
Bela Bartok (1881-1945)
Hungarian composer who was known for fusing Hungarian and folk music together with traditional music to achieve a nationalistic and personal style. He was not only a composer, but was also great at pedagogy, performance, and ethnomusicology. -
Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971)
Russian Composer who was famous for his musical and theatrical pieces. He composed a lot of ballets and based most of his major works on Russian folk music. He is mainly known for, “The Rite of Spring” which included lots of metric imbalance as well as rhythmic changes. -
Sergey Prokofiev (1891-1953)
Russian composer who wrote in multiple different genres including symphonies, film music, operas, and ballets. Prokofiev was also a well known pianist as well as a conductor. -
George Gershwin (1898-1937)
American composer who wrote primarily for the broadway musical, but also become very famous for his orchestral and piano works. He incorporated popular music and jazz into his classical pieces. He is most known for his work, “Rhapsody In Blue.” -
Aaron Copland (1900-1990)
American composer was known for his expressive modern style. He wrote many different works including operas, ballets, orchestral, band, chamber, choral, and film. He was also a teacher and a writer of many books on music. -
Dmitri Shostakovich (1906-1975)
Russian composer famously known for his 15 symphonies while many of his works were under government pressure to be standard Soviet art. Over 100 of his pieces were in films. His influencers were Bach and Beethoven. -
John Cage (1912-1992)
American composer who was mainly known for his avant-garde works which heavily influenced the 20th century. His most famous and influential piece was called, “4’33” which proposed that there is music everywhere even in the silence. -
Benjamin Britten (1913-1976)
British composer was known for his Operas which were considered to be the best known English operas since the 17th century. Britten was also known for his famous choral works. -
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Great Depression
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20th century musical inventions
The LP(1931), AEG Magnetophon Tape Recorder(1935), Stereo(1937), Amplifier(1962), Cassette Tape(1963), Compact Disc(1982), Sampler(1986), MP3(1995), Auto-Tune(1997) -
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Stylistic Traits 20th century
Melodies and harmony were mostly dissonant and experimental. Rhythms were very complex and new meters became common such as polyrhythms and polymeters. Computer generated instruments such as synthesizers and mixed media also become very popular during this era. -
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Genres in the 20th century
Genders included: Romantic, Neoclassicism, Jazz-influenced classical composition, Impressionism, Modernism, Free dissonance and experimentation, Expressionism, and Postmodern music. -
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World War II
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Vietnam War
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Apollo 11 lands on the moon
