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1500
The first occupants
They established themselves in Ontario and Quebec over 6000 years ago. They arrived after the melting of the ice caps -
Pierre Chauvin established Tadoussac
Tadoussac was a trading post with a goal to centralize age trade between the natives and the french -
The founding of Quebec by Samuel de Champlain
The goal was to facilitate the fur trades with the Amerindians. The name "Quebec" comes from an Amerindian word that means narrowing. The region of the St Lawrence river is very narrow. -
Period: to
French Regime
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The Company of One Hundred Associates was founded
Founded by Cardinal Richelieu. France gives the company the monopoly of the fur trade. The company had to populate the colony by having 4000 people immigrate. 900 immigrated. The company failed -
The founding of Trois Rivière by Laviolette
It was founded for commercial purposes related to fur trade -
The founding of Ville-Marie by Chomedy de Maisonneuve
Jeanne Marce establishes the first hospital and Marguerite bourgeois will establish the first public school -
Period: to
Immigration and birth policies under Jean Talon
He came up with policies to encourage population growth. He gave money to woman who got married and had children at a young age and he gave free land to those willing to immigrate -
Royal Proclamation
The first constitution of the province of Quebec. It describes the operation of the new British colony. It encouraged British immigration and resulted in English Criminal and Civil laws -
Period: to
7 year war
The Seven Year War was between Great Britain and France, it took place in Europe, Americas, Africa and Asia. The war was ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris that made New France an officially a British Colony. -
British immigration
One of the effects of the Conquest was that several thousand British immigrants, mostly soldiers and merchants settled in New France. -
Period: to
British Regime
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Treaty of Paris
It ended the 7 years' war. France gave up all territories in North America except two small islands: St Pierre and Miquelon. This treaty ends the french regime -
The Quebec Act
"A gift to the french" They wanted to ensure loyalty of the Canadians. -
The American Revolution
The 13 British colonies gained their independence -
The Constitutional Act
"The compromise" It was passed due to the arrival of the loyalists. It divides Quebec into upper and lower Canada -
Urbanization in Lower Canada
It was dangerous to give birth in big cities because high population density and water pollution caused fatal diseases -
The birth year of the Canadian federation
John A MacDonald suggested an immigration policy to either stimulate or restrict immigration -
Canadas Indépendance
Canada's independence combined Quebec, Ontario, New-Brunswick and Nova Scotia to for Canada. With a population of 3.4 million people, Canada continued to expand and rapidly settling the entire territory. -
Period: to
French Canadians Emigration to the United States
Reasons for emigration:
- Shortage of farmland
- Railways in the US contributed to the geographic mobility
- The proximity to the American border facilitated movement
- Higher wages
- Reduced manual labour (modernization) -
First colonies in western Canada
Due to the lack of farmland in Quebec, many immigrants headed to the Prairies in Western Canada, where new farmland was available for free from the Government. -
John A MacDonald's National Policy
The objectives of the National Policy:
- Tariff policy on imported products
- Railway construction to increase trade
- Immigration to create a large market -
Period: to
First World War
Decline in immigration because of racism and discrimination. -
Beginning of baby boom
After the Second World War, more then 2 million babies were born during 15 years and the arrival of 30 000 immigrants arrived in the province of Quebec. -
Period: to
Second World War
Huge increase in population: baby boom. More than 2 million babies were born in 15 years.
