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Aug 29, 1500
Algonquins
Algonquins were nomadic because the weather in the North where they were situated did not allow farming. -
Aug 29, 1500
Iroquois
Iroquois were semi-farmers, (warm weather), but had to leave about every 10 years as the land/soil deteriorated. They were really good fighters, because they knew where everybody was, because of better communication. (South) -
Period: Aug 29, 1500 to
Population and Settlement
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Aug 29, 1534
Jacques Cartier's Voyages
There were 3 main reasons, to find a route to Asia, bring back riches such as gold and to claim land for the king of france (more territory = more power)
There were 3 voyages.
- 1534, 1535 and 1541 -
Port Royal
The first attempt at a permanent establishment in Nova Scotia. The reason it didn't work, was because the natives didn't want to travel that far to the Port. -
Stadacano (Quebec)
First permanent establishment, a trading post where the river narrows. -
Beginning of French Regime
The French build their first permanent establishment Stadacona, this is the start of the colonization of New France by the French. -
Jean Talon (Intendant)
Louis the 14th puts the intendant Jean Talon in charge of populating New France. Jean gave several incentives to settle in the land. Giving money to those with a certain amount of children, and he also encouraged the "engages", "Filles du roi" and the soldiers to come for numerous reasons such as free land. -
Beginning of British Regime
The defeat of the French by the British in the 1754 - 1760 War of Conquest, marks the end of the French Regime and the start of a new era, the British Regime. -
British Immigration Begins
Shortly after the start of the British Regime the British Immigration begins, first to come will be the wealthy business men looking for ways to make money. -
Treaty of Paris/Proclamation Act
This treaty ended the war of seven years between Britain and France. This also marked the concessions of the territores in North America. -
Quebec Act
The treaty of Paris took away a lot of the French population's freedom in North America, the Quebec Act restored many of the abolished French rights, such as complete religious freedom and French Civil rights. -
Immigration of Loyalists and Americans
When America (former british colonies) got their independance from Britain, a few of the 2 million inhabitants of America (around 100,000) still wanted to be British, so they emmigrated to Canada. In other words, they wanted to stay loyal to the "crown" hence why they are called loyalists. -
Imperial Act
This act assured immigrants that the slaves they owned will still be their property. -
Constitutional Act
Division of Canada into 2 parts, Upper Canada and Lower Canada. This led to the rebellion and was a first step towards a Canadian Confederation. -
Irish Immigration
In Ireland, there was a potato famine. The potatoes which were the Irish's main source of food were poisoned, this caused about 1 million deaths in Ireland from either diseases (caught from eating the potatoes) or mass starvation. The Irish came to Canada looking for a better life, there were two places to go. Quebec: Irish and French were both catholic or Ontario because they spoke English. -
Slavery Abolition Act
With this act, slavery is considered illegal in all British territories. -
British North American Act
Creation of Canada and division of provincial and federal powers. -
Beginning of Contemporary Period
Current period of history. Includes policies to promote immigration, increase of the urban population, colonization of new regions and emigration to the United States and the West. -
Indian Act
Consolidation of laws towards the Native population. Rules on how groups/bands can operate and defines who is and who is not considered "Indian". -
National Policy
Economic program put into place by John A. Macdonald, to help Canadian manufacturers against the American competition. Measures such as high tarrifs on imported goods. -
Phases of Industrialisation
1st Phase of Industrialisation:(1885-1900) Factory workers creating finished products.
2nd Phase of Industrialisation (1900-1915) Gathering of natural resources to sell to someone that will make it into a finished product. -
Brain Drain
Smartest people from 3rd world countries go to/emigrate to countries like Canada, for better pay or better living conditions. -
Oka Crisis
A golf course wanted to expand their course onto land (Oka reserve) which the native Oka owned. The situation got out of hand and the natives had to have a 78 day stand-off vs the Canadian Forces.
