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Period: Apr 22, 1491 to
Politics and Power
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Apr 22, 1492
Spanish Caste System
The idea of people of different colors not being equal was finally backed up by the government. The european blooded were called penisularas and those right below with some native blood in them were called creoles. Mestizos were slave and european mixed together while mulatos were native and slave mixed and slaves were at the bottom -
Period: Apr 23, 1492 to
Period 1/2
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Apr 22, 1519
Mayans fell to Cortez
This started the beginning of colonialization all over the world. Cortez landed on Mayan shores and while they thought he was a god, he took advantage of their ignorance and destroyed them -
Apr 22, 1524
French Empire
The French were the most politicallly sound out of all the empires when settling new lands. They understood they weren't superior and traded were natives. This mainly consisted of fur trade and resources -
Apr 22, 1530
Incas fall to Pizzarro
Introduced to Europeans same way Mayans were yet succumbed to small pox due to no immune buildup. Central American slowly began to crumble from European influence. -
Apr 22, 1570
English empire
The English empire was focused mainly on settling, colonizing and getting some profit back. This lead to many lands being under mercantilism and having crowed europeans move in. Many moved to newly settled colonies due to religious setbacks in the mother country so it lead to a difference in politics when forming laws and communities. -
Spanish Empire
Overthrew and detroyed most of the culture for Mayans. They started a system called the encomienda system that forced natives to slave around and they tried to convert natives to catholicism. By this time they had become one of the strongest forces in the world -
Salutary Neglect
England settled colonies in America and gave overall control to them with governing individual colonies as long as profit was made.This left the colonies to have a very flexible governing system that worked for many years -
Jamestown
First successful colonial town. Significant because it showed new political ways for people to rule themselves. -
First Slave in America
John Casor became the first black indentured servant and this began the trend of owning slaves due to it being easy to pick out a slave in a crowd of whites. -
House of Burgesses
Elected lower house in the legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia. Start of colonists officially straying away from traditional British views. -
Mayflower Compact
First governing document of Plymoth colony andbegan the foundation of politics in America. -
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
The first written constitution in American history. It established a representative government consisting of legislature elected by popular vote and governor chosen by legislature. -
Navigation Acts
Act that was passed to prevent trade with colonies and other countries. One of the beginning acts with England stopping salutary neglect. -
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Period 3
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No taxation without representation
The Stamp Act, Townsend Act, Sugar Act all were forced upon the colonists without having a representative in Parliment. The colonists didn't care as much about being texed as much as they cared they finally had the neglective mother come back when she needs money and have no say in it. -
Proclamation of 1763
Blocked colonists from settling past the Apalaccian mountains to stop so many battles with natives from happening. This was the official of salutary neglect with neglect because they asserted power and force to enact it. -
Sugar Act
Raised tax on sugar and caused an increase in distaste for England. This was the start of many new taxes and an end to Salutary neglect due to debts needing to be paid off in England from the 7yrs war. -
Stamp Act
Certain papers had to be certified with a tax and this tax was yet another unfair tax on colonists to repay debts. This continual adding of taxess leads toa growing gap in the British-American relationship. -
Declare Independence from England
Declaration of Independence was ratified on Jul 4th but England didnt recognize USA as an actual nation until 1783. This was the first successful political secession away from an empire. -
Enlightenment
The ideas by Montisquie and John Locke encouraged a separtion of power and power to the people. This encouraged for people to be more expressive in what they wanted in their government causing uprisings against the crown. -
3/5 compromise
Compromise had to be met between north and south on counting slaves. This is one of the first instances war tensions arise btween north and south but are calmed down by a compromise. -
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Period 4
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Dartmouth college v. Woodward
New Hampshire tried to take over the college by revising the charter and the Supreme Court ruled that all contracts were valid and "sacred". Therefore, this begins a big jump for the government and its power. -
Indian Removal Act of 1830
Instant removal of all indians west of the Mississippii and they would stay there permanently. The power that the government had over an entire nation of people shows how very slowly its drifting from its originally plan. -
Bank War
Verbal battle between Jackson, Clay and Biddle that consists over the renewal of the US bank. It was eventually vetoed by Jackson due to personal pride issues and wanting to stay president and this signified the first big proof of the president's power. -
Nullification Crisis
South Carolina nullfied tariffs implemented by the government so the army and navy almost had to interverne with force but they agreed to enact the tariffs. This again shows the power the government is slowly gaining over the states. -
Charles River Bridge Case
Case that ruled good of community is put above the good for a coporation. Start of cases that tested the power of the government. -
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
Tribe tried sueing the state due to unlawful banning of tribal legislations yet the Supreme Court ruled in the state's favor by claiming the tribes were under the state's legislations. This is a beginning to multiple wrongdoings of the sate and the country against natives. This continues to signify the government's growing power and the state's own power because the ruling was ignored and the natives were continued to be treated horrible. -
Election of 1840
First year that a populist democratic won and the first emergence of the two party system. This signaled the end of one parties because after this election there will always be two parties. -
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Period 5
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Slavery topics
With the end of the Mexican-American War, new territory was aquired which brought up the renewed debate of wheter thjey should be slave or not. This starts debstes that slowly increase tensions to build into the Civil War. -
Free Soil Party
With new territory, this party forms in relation primarily towards believing that the slavery is fine where it is and shouldn't be expanded. It expands many of the current ideas and the formation of this party leads to worse relations from the north and south. -
Civil War
Bloodiest War on American soil and greatest loss of American lives due to a fight for states' rights and sectionalism.This political war started with just a few disagreed ideas. This signicance is probably the most important in American history due to the lesson: don't push something off so long that things get bottled inside, they will eventually explode. -
13th Amendment
This abolished slavery in the US and is significant in the fact that progress was finally being made towards the anti-slavery debates. -
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Period 6
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14th Amendment
This granted citizenship to all born in America which included former slaves. Just another step in proving the government's power and killing off slavery. -
15th amendment
Granted the right to vote to all male citizens. This was the final official step the government could make to end the civil right jurisdictions for now at least.Signified the official fight was over. -
Civil Rights Act of 1875
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Whiskey Ring
Secretary of President Grant helped steal 3 million in tax corrution scheme. This signifies the beginning of distrust from nation towards government. -
Compromise of 1877
South votes Hayes as President in return for the end of reconstruction and bringing on "New South". Starts a trend of political corruption. -
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Period 7
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Plessy v. Fergurson
Affirmed "separate but equal" facilities. Another shot at civil rights equality enforced by government but significant for how badly it failed. -
Progressive Movement
Muckrakers were a newly formed political party that seek to expose the impurities of society and government.
Different reformers such as Ida Tarbell, Rils and SInclair sought to bring down large corporations and expose what went on behind closed doors. They sought to bring down trusts due to the conditions set for employees and the selfish, big company egos that ruin small businesses.
Women played a big role in starting an awareness of child labor in communities. -
Coal miner strike
Employees refuse to work until better conditions are set into place but Roosevelt threatens to take federl control over the mine if an agreement can't be made so his legendary "Square Deal" was madde known. Sinificant because first recorded time of a president intervening -
17th amendment
Established political reform with direct primaries and secret ballot. This took away power from political machines and started an era of politically pure times. -
Schenck v. US
Ruled in favor of US under the Espionage Act where freedom of speech is restricted during wartimes. Significant in the way that this is the first clear restriction of a right stated in the constitution. -
19th amendment
Grants the right to vote to all and restricts someone being denied to vote on sex. Most fighting civil liberties have governmentally been won which is one step for justice overall. -
New Deal Programs
Programs implimented by FDR that helped pull the US out of the Great Depression. These programs included the CWA and the WPA. They helped get banks back on schedule with money and create temporary jobs for men. This was the first time a president took such an active role in rebuilding the country. -
Cold War
Political war that was a war of words and who has what. The democrats were afraid communism is going to spread and backs up with military to stop it while communists are afraid the other side will come after them any minute. Significant because lead to many educational benefits and programs and also lead to extensive research in scientific field -
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Period 8
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Committee on Civil Rights
Truman becomes the first president in the 20th century to use his presidential powers to batlle civil rights. Signifies the powers of the president growing. -
Containment
containment was a political idea that if we dont support the soviet in any way they will simply disappear, though that was quite the opposite. This started a string of the US finacically supporting countries in favor of democracy. -
Fair Deal
Truman's way of continuing FDR's new deal programs to keep jobs and the economy up. Also, kept political reforms in the system. The significance of keeping these going is that it kept america politically stable. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
Soviets placed missiles in Cuba and due to U-2 spy planes, Us found out and had a blockade placed. Significant because major political agreements had to be made to avoid total nuclear warso Soviets agreed to remove missiles. -
Vietnamization
Slowly withdrawing troops from Vietnam and leaving natives to do the fighting. Significant because a war no one supported was finally ending -
Watergate Scandal
Nixon caught recording illegal mettings yet failed to turn them over. leads to his impeachment due to many illegal activites of CREEP. Significant because distrust from people grows towards the government. -
election of 1980
Election Reagan lead to an era of conservatism because the renewed party believed in a smller federal government and less spending. Reagan endorsed investing and saving. This was a good time for the people to rebuild their trust in the govenment -
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Period 9
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Boland amendment
Forbidding the assisstance for Nicuaga rebels and signifies governmental power
