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Cotton Gin
A machine for cleaning the seeds from cotton fibers, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 -
2nd Great Awakening
A religious revival in the United States. Showed growing social and regional differences in the US. -
National Road
A federally funded highway begun in 1811 and by 1838 it extended from Cumberland, Maryland to Vandalia, Illinois. -
Tariff of 1816
A protective tariff designed to aid American industries. -
Election of 1824
John Quincy Adams defeated Andrew Jackson in 1824 by garnering more electoral votes through the House of Representatives -
Corrupt Bargain
Refers to the presidential election of 1824 in which Henry Clay, the Speaker of the House, convinced the House of Representatives to elect Adams rather than Jackson. -
South Carolina Exposition and Protest
Written in 1828 by Vice President Calhoun of S. Carolina to protest the the "Tariff of Abominations", which seemed to favor Northern industry; introduced the concept of state interposition & became the basis for S. Carolina's Nullification Doctrine of 1833. -
Election of 1828
convinced Van Buren of the need for a renewed two-party competition. In the election of 1828, a new party formed & gradually became known as the Democratic Party which made Jackson president & Calhoun VP. Opponents called themselves the National Republicans. -
Tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations)
In 1828, during President John Quincy Adams' term, Congress created a new tariff law which pleased northern manufacturers, but alienated southern planters. -
Indian Removal Act
Passed in 1830, authorized Andrew Jackson to negotiate land-exchange treaties with tribes living east of the Mississippi. -
American Renaissance
The writing of the period before the Civil War, beginning with Emerson and Thoreau and the Trancendentalist movement including Whitman, Hawthorne, and Melville. These writers are essentially Romantics of a distinctively American stripe. -
Trail of Tears
The Cherokee Indians were forced to leave their lands. They traveled from North Carolina and Georgia through Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, Missouri, and Arkansas-more than 800 miles -
Panic of 1837
A financial crisis in the United States that led to an economic depression -
Compromise of 1850
(1) California admitted as free state, (2) territorial status and popular sovereignty of Utah and New Mexico, (3) resolution of Texas-New Mexico boundaries, (4) federal assumption of Texas debt, (5) slave trade abolished in DC, and (6) new fugitive slave law; advocated by Henry Clay and Stephen A. Douglas -
Maine Laws (temperance)
the laws regarding the abolition of HARD liquor because of the poor effects that it could have on a society