-
Wedgewood & Davy
Thomas Wedgewood and Humphrey Davy experimented with light-sensitive material and the camera obscura as a way to capture images. While their work was not successful, they seen as influential and their work is seen as stepping stones in photography. (Marien, 9) -
Treaty of Amiens
The Treaty of Amiens was between France and the United Kindgon to end the War of the Second Coalition. This treaty acted as a truce between Brittan and France during the War. Link text -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana purchase was when the United States bought about 828,000 square miles of land, which included the Mississippi, from France. This went towards the expansion of the United States, and this land ended up being part of the first 15 states and was considered a great achievement for president Thomas Jefferson. Link Text -
"View From the Window at Mansion du Gras"
This is the first known permeant photo, and earliest surviving photograph created by Niepce using the camera obscura and daguerreotype process. (Marien, 12) -
First electric motor
The first electric motor was built by Prussian Moritz Jacobi which has shaped the modern day way of travel. (https://www.eti.kit.edu/english/1376.php) -
Latticed Window
Fox Talbot was the photographer of "Lattice Window", which used the calotype process invented by Talbot. This invention was similar to the Daguerreotype as it used latent images, but it produced negative images which could then be used for multiple prints. This technique was important and became popular as a basis for modern photographic reproduction. (Marien, 20) -
Boulevard du Temple
The photograph, "Boulevard du Temple" is believed to be the first image of a human, taken by Louis-Jacques Daguerre. Daguerre is also known to have invented the Daguerreotype which focused on the technique of Latent Images using a copper plated shit with silver plating into a camera obscura. (Marien 13,14) -
Mexican-American War
This war was between the United States and Mexico with a goal of expanding the United States across North America. (https://www.history.com/topics/mexican-american-war) -
California Gold Rush
The California Gold Rush, was part of the westward expansion in the United States, and was inspiring to many as a way for possible fortune. (https://www.history.com/topics/westward-expansion/gold-rush-of-1849) -
Stereoscopic Camera
The invention of the stereoscope was by Charles Wheatstone, from this invention Sir David Brewster created stereoscopic photograph which were adapted to the daguerreotype and calotype technique, in which the image appears to have more depth. (Marien, 523). -
Collodion Process
This process produces glass negatives which are used to produce prints. The process is also known as wet-plate process, which was developed by Fredrick Scott Archer which uses light sensitive material and salts to create the glass negative images. This technique eventually replaces both the calotype and daguerreotype process and was used by photographers, Lewis Carrol and Julia Margaret Cameron. (Marien, 520) -
Paris Peace Treaty
The Crimean War was between France, the United Kingdom, the Ottoman Empire and Russia. The war started as there was pressure from Russia on Turkey leading to threats on Europe, especially France and UK. The Paris Peace Treaty ended the war, preserving the Ottoman Empire’s rule on Turkey and pushing away Russia, therefore saving the interests of France, Germany, and the UK. (https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/crimean-war) -
Cyanotype
The cyanotype process was used to create the first photographic book by Anna Atkins, "Photographs of British Algae: Cyanotype Impressions", which illustrates a one to one representation of an object by placing it on sensitized paper. (Marien, 32) -
Oscar Rejlander
The photographer invented the technique of combining photographs, which is seen used in the photograph, "The Two Ways of Life", in which the use of living pictures is shown to try and elevate photography as an art (Marien, 87) -
The Beggar Maid
The photographer Lewis Carrol, also known as Charles L. Dodgson was known for his portrait photography and this photo, "The Beggar Maid" is thought to be his inspiration for his book, "Alice in Wonderland". Carrol's photos spark controversy as his photos of little girls are seen to be inappropriate in modern times. (Marien, 89) -
Abraham Lincoln
Portrait photography was pioneered during the civil war by Matthew Brady, who is known for the famous portrait photograph of Abraham Lincoln. He is also well known for the various photographs produced by his firm's photographers which represented individuals and groups of soldiers during the war. (Marien, 104) -
American Civil War
The American Civil War, focused on the tension about slavery, state rights and westward expansion. After the election of Abraham Lincoln, the southern states formed a Confederacy to fight the northern states. Differences in industry and economy were also major causes of the war.(https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/american-civil-war-history) -
Home of the Rebel Sharpshooter
Alexander Gardener was a photographer during the civil war and the photograph, "Home of the Rebel Sharpshooter" was known for the manipulation of the solider to emphasize the importance of the photo. (Marien, 108) -
Emancipation Proclamation
Emancipation Proclamation was a executive order for the freedom of slaves and ended up reshaping the union’s fight to reflect the end of slavery during the civil war. (https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/emancipation-proclamation) -
The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
The use of portraits and photography was also employed by the scientist Charles Darwin to understand evolution and expressions. (Marien, 141 -
Phonograph
Thomas Edison invents the first phonograph, which was used as a form of communication when the telephone and telegraph were being improved, as a way to reproduce and record sound. (http://www.americaslibrary.gov/aa/edison/aa_edison_phonograph_1.html) -
Pictorialism Movement
The Pictorialism movement was started by Peter Henry Emerson, in which he used techniques such as soft focus to illustrate photography as more of an art. Form this the movement took these techniques to create expressive photographs in which these techniques were used to change focus, and scratching of images to imitate brush strokes. (Marien, 170) -
The Mug-Shot
The mug-shot was invented by Alphonse Bertillon, who use portrait photography to standardize the identification of individuals. (Marien, 218) -
Kodak Camera
The Kodak camera was invented by the Eastman Dry Plate Company, the founder George Eastman, as a way to open photography to the general public with the company slogan of, "You press the button - we do the rest" (Marien, 166) -
Starry Night
Vincent Van Gogh paints Starry Night, which was one of his most famous painting. Van Gogh was a famous Dutch painter who is seen as an influential painter to modern day art, through his various techniques and paintings. (https://www.vangoghgallery.com/misc/biography.html) -
Photo-Succession Movement
The photo-succession movement began with Alfred Stieglitz who was a pictorialist who wanted to advance photography as an art with the use of pictorial expression, through the use of exhibitions. (Marien, 179)
