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Period: 300 to 399
Socrates
Socrates was a Greek philosopher. The main task of his philosophy of Socrates saw himself in the knowledge of themselves and others. Virtue Socrates was driving in his philosophy of knowledge and optimistically believed that anyone can become virtuous, since he will know what is good. -
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Thomas Hobbe
Thomas Hobbes was an English materialist philosopher, one of the founders of the social contract theory and the theory of state sovereignty. He is known ideas have spread in such disciplines as ethics, theology, physics, geometry and history. -
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Rene Descartes
Rene Descartes was a French philosopher, mathematician, physicist and physiologist and one of the most influential of modern times metaphysicians. Descartes laid the foundations of analytical geometry, gave the concept of variable size and function, introduced many algebraic notation. -
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Benedict Spinoza
Spinoza was born into a Jewish family, his ancestors after the expulsion from Portugal settled in Amsterdam. Spinoza tried to transfer the impact of Copernicus science in the sphere of ethics, politics, metaphysics and psychology. Only after the death of Spinoza was published his major work - "Ethics." -
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David Hume
Hume was an eminent English empiricist philosopher. The main task of the philosophy he believed a comprehensive study of man from the standpoint of empiricism. He saw in philosophy a guide for practice. Hume developed the doctrine of experience as a stream of impressions. -
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Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant, the famous German philosopher, was born April 22, 1724. Its greatest merit lies in the fact that he offered profound solution of the problem of the theory of knowledge, which has long divided the thinkers on the adherents of empiricism and rationalism. Kant set out to show the one-sidedness of these two schools of thought and figure out the interaction of experience and intellect, from which is all human knowledge.