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Discovery of Phosphorus
German amateur alchemist heats residues from boiled urine and liquid produced bursts into flames! -
Boyle discovers Phosphorus and makes it public
Boyle was a natural philosopher, chemist, physicist and inventor; pioneer of the modern scientific method; one of the founders of modern chemistry -
47 elements identified!...patterns emerging..."periodicity"
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1st STEAM LOCOMOTIVE for passengers
George Stephenson - invented the practical steam engine for use in mining
http://theinventors.org/library/weekly/aa111100a.htm
Photo Source: http://celebritybollywoodmovieandwallpaper.blogspot.com/2011/05/industrial-revolution-factory.html -
56 elements discovered and grouped by characteristics
John Newlands - English Chemist -
Elements arranged by ATOMIC MASS; MISSING ELEMENTS PREDICTED!
Russian chemist Dimitri Mendeleev started the development of the periodic table arranging elements by atomic mass, predicting the discovery of other elements (their atomic mass and characteristics), and left spaces open in his periodic table for them.
https://origins.osu.edu/milestones/mendeleev-periodic-table-UN-chemistry-radioactivity-noble-gases -
Let there be light!
Incandescent Light Bulbs become commercially available. Thomas Edison came up with an patented the right combination to make a longer - lived commercially viable light bulb; but the "lightbulb" was in the works for 40 years beforehand with many working on it.
Photo source: https://www.britannica.com/technology/incandescent-lamp -
Noble Gases Discovered and added to the Periodic Table
Sir William Ramsay and Lord Rayleigh
Photo Source: https://sciencenotes.org/what-are-noble-gases-definition-and-properties/
(Jurii, Alchemist-hp, Pslawinski, NASA) -
ELECTRONS DISCOVERED
In 1897 English physicist J. J. Thomson first discovered electrons; small negatively charged particles in an atom. John Townsend and Robert Millikan determined their exact charge and mass. Information Source: Read more: https://www.lenntech.com/periodic/history/history-periodic-table.htm#ixzz6nsfE5cII
photo source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plum_pudding_model -
ELECTRONS ORBIT NUCLEUS!
Rutherford and Geiger discovered electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom
https://www.compoundchem.com/2016/10/13/atomicmodels/
photo source: http://www.justscience.in/articles/what-was-the-rutherfords-atomic-model/2017/06/29 -
PROTONS IDENTIFIED: ATOMIC NUMBERS BASED ON ELECTRONS
Rutherford identified protons in atomic nucleus; Moseley provided atomic numbers, based on # electrons in an atom rather than on atomic mass
Source:
https://www.lenntech.com/periodic/history/history-periodic-table.htm#:~:text=In%201869%20Russian%20chemist%20Dimitri,his%20periodic%20table%20for%20them.&text=Thomson%20first%20discovered%20electrons%3B%20small%20negatively%20charged%20particles%20in%20an%20atom. -
Period: to
First World War
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NEUTRONS AND ISOTOPES DISCOVERED; FIRST TIME ATOM SPLIT
Chadwick discovers neutrons sand isotopes were identifies. this was the complete basis for the periodic table. Cockroft and Walton split an atom bombarding lithium in a particle accelerator
