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Laissez-Faire
Laissez-Faire capitalism was a way to have the government be less involved. People wanted to avoid the government having any regulation in the economy and the political area. This also gave people a reason to create wealth promoting industrialization. -
"Iron law of wages"
It is held that higher wages will result in raising more children to maturity, and lower wages in fewer, so that eventually the competition of more, or fewer, workers must drive wages back in line with the natural rate needed to sustain a sufficient number of workers. This tended towards a minimum level corresponding to the subsistence needs of the workers. -
Sand Creek Massacre
A major factor for the cause of this tragic event was the long-lasting conflicts over the Great Plains of eastern Colorado to gain control of that land. -
Interstate Commerce Act 1866
This act was officially in 1887 since that's when it was approved. The approval of this federal law caused the regulation of the railroad industry. Even though this law did not the government to fix specific rates, it did make the point that the rates had to be reasonable. This was a monopolistic practice that was not that effective due to the fact that this law had to be enforced by the supreme court. -
Purchase of Alaska
This agreement was for the acquisition of Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million. This ended the presence of Russia in North America and gave the U.S access to the Pacific northern rim. Russia believed that the U.S would off-set the designs of Russia's rival, Great Britain. -
Social Darwinism
This claim to apply biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology and politics. This idea has been used to justified things like racism, discrimination, imperialism, eugenics, and social classes. -
Social Gospel
This was a social-religious reform to improve the social, moral, and economic lives of the urban class. This was led by a group of liberal Protestant progressives, and they started this to fix what the industrialization of the Gilded Age caused. -
Telephone
The Telephone was a creation made and perfected by Alexander Graham Bell, a Scottish born American. This was a social and economic shift that made it possible for people to make long-distance calls. His successful call was made from New York to Chicago. This expanded the communication network and it became a sensation not only to America, but the whole world later on. The manufacturing of the telephone positively impacted the economy because of its production. -
Little BigHorn
The importance of this event is because it was one of the most determining victories for the Native Americans against the U.S. When the U.S broke the agreement of the Second Treaty of Fort Laramie, this angered the Natives, causing this Battle. This determined the relationship between the Native Americans and the white Americans, increasing tension between the two. -
Railroad strike 1877
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad were cutting wages for workers infuriating the workers, causing the strike. They did not let the trains go until the cutting of wages was revoked. More than 100,000 workers participated but achieving very little. About 1,000 and 100 of them were killed, meaning they lost more. This affected the national economy because new workers had to be hired and the prevention of commerce and trade. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
This federal law limited the immigration of Chinese people to the U.S. The Chinese were declared as immigrants ineligible for naturalization and was one reason for their exclusion. This was obviously a social, political, and economic because it was a federal law that prohibited the migration of a group of people. This problematic law increased racism and discrimination against Chinese people. -
Haymarket Bombing
This was a peaceful protest that took place near Chicago, but it turned violent when someone threw a bomb near the police creating the chaos. They protesting for an eight-hour workday, and to strike about the killings of workers by the police before. Some activists were convicted for the bombing with little evidence. -
Dawes Act 1887
This act emphasized severalty, the treatment of Native Americans as individuals rather than as members of tribes. That act subdivide Native American tribal landholdings into allotments for Native American heads of families and individuals. The act wasn't necessarily a good thing because it was more to weaken the strength of the tribal and subtly enforce the assimilation to whites lifestyle. -
Gospel of Wealth
This was an article that was written by Andrew Carnegie that gave the idea that the rich should use their wealth to better the society. Popular industrialist like him supported this idea of the most wealthy to help the "less unfortunate". This article was to gain more support from those well-educated high ranked people to better the society, which it worked. -
Hull House
This was a settlement house for working-class people and provide educational and social opportunities. Most of them were European immigrants and it also helped them become U.S citizens. This was started by Jane Addams and with the help of Ellen Gates Star; the residents were the women and men who chose to live at Hull-House. They paid rent and contributed to the activities and services. -
Sherman Anti-Trust Act 1890
This outlawed trusts, monopolies, and cartels. This was a method to increase the competitiveness among enterprises, so obviously economic shift. It was somewhat effective for a few years but then it rarely worked against industrial monopolies; the act eventually hindered workers in attaining better working conditions. -
Wounded Knee
This honestly was more of a massacre of the Indians than a fair battle. Half of those Native Americans were women and children. this was the last major battle of the Indian Wars of the late 19th century. -
Forest Reserve Act 1891
The act allowed the President of the U.S to set aside forest reserves from the land in the public domain. They could take land and make it into a national forest for its conservation. This was done to support the movements for the conservation of the environment. -
Pullman strike
This strike disrupted the traffic in the Midwest of the United States. This event occurred because of the economic depression followed by the Panic of 1893. Pullman increased working hours, cut jobs, and cut wages. The workers worked for the ARU, and when they protested against this it led to violence. Troops were sent to stop this strike, bit 26 citizens were killed and a railroad yard was burned. -
Plessy vs Ferguson
This case is an important part of history because it established the idea of separate but equal. He was in a whites only car because he refused to ride the blacks only.
