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Barbary Pirates (Tripoli)
The First Barbary War, happened to be the first overseas war fought by the United States. It set the United States against pirates from the nations known as the Barbary States. These nations include Algiers, Morocco, Tunis, Tripoli. -
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Thomas Jefferson
Democratic-Republican -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was the largest territorial gain in U.S. history. Stretching from the Mississippi River and along the Rocky Mountains, the purchase doubled the size of the United States. -
Marbury v. Madison
This court case was the first to apply the principle of “Judicial review” which gave power to the federal courts to void acts of Congress that conflict with the constitution. -
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Their mission of this expedition was to explore the unknown territory, establish trade with the Natives and affirm the sovereignty of the United States in the region. They traveled more than 8,000 miles, through this trip they produced invaluable maps and geographical information. They also identified at least 120 animal specimens and 200 botanical samples and created peaceful relations with dozens of Native American tribes. -
Burr/Hamilton Duel
The Burr Hamilton was a duel fought between two well-known American politicians. It was between the former secretary of the treasury Alexander Hamilton and sitting vice president Aaron Burr. It was caused by a long and bitter rivalry between the two men. Burr shot and wounded Hamilton. Hamilton died the next day and the duel ended Burr's political career. -
Chesapeake-Leopard Affair
The HMS Leopard ( British warship ) and the USS Chesapeake (American frigate). The crew of the British HMS Leopard ship confronted the American Chesapeake ship in search of the four of its members who had deserted the Royal Navy. The crew of the HMS Leopard hijacked and bordered the USS Chesapeake. Three members of the Chesapeake crew died during the confrontation and 18 were severely wounded. Britain is considered to have emerged victorious during this affair. -
Embargo Act
The Embargo Act of 1807 was a law passed by the United State Congress and signed by President Thomas Jefferson on December 22, 1807. It prohibited American ships from trading in all foreign ports. -
Nonintercourse Act of 1809
The Congress replaced the Embargo Act of 1807 with the almost unenforceable Non-Intercourse Act of March 1809. This Act lifted all embargoes on American shipping except for those bound for British or French ports. -
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James Madison
Democratic-Republican -
Macon’s Bill No. 2
Macon's Bill No. 2 became a law in the United States on May 14, 1810, the law was intended to motivate Great Britain and France to stop seizing American vessels during the time of Napoleonic Wars. -
Fletcher v. Peck
Fletcher began claiming that Peck did not have a clear title to the land when he sold it. Both would have their land secured if the Supreme Court decided that Native Americans did not hold original title. Fletcher won the case. -
Battle of Tippecanoe
Fought over white expansion into Indian territory, the battle did not last longer than one day with the United States securing victory. The conflict at Tippecanoe was the catalyst for the War of 1812 between Britain and the United States. -
War 1812 ( part 1 )
Americans did not desire to get involved with war, they wanted to continue to trade with both nations. Relations with Britain continued to suffer things continued to happen with the Indians in Western territory. Indians allied with British, British Navy continued to intervene with American vessels. Making war seemed inevitable to Americans. War Hawks put pressure on James Madison to declare war. They were members of Congress who tended to be younger from southern and western states. -
The War of 1812 ( part 2 )
The War was significant because it strengthened Americans’ feelings of nationalism and union, encouraged economic independence and growth of industry within America. While also continuing to strengthen national army and navy. Britain troops were furious which lead to the Battle at Washington. British forces landed in Chesapeake Bay then proceeded to march on Washington. They burned several public buildings, including the Capitol and the White House, on the day of August 24, 1814. -
Treaty of Ghent
The peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Both sides signed it on December 24, 1814. -
Hartford Convention
The Hartford Convention was a series of meetings from December 15, 1814 to January 5, 1815. Where the New England Federalist Party met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812 and the political problems that were beginning to arising from the federal government's increase in power. -
Tariff of 1816
The first tariff passed by Congress with an explicit function of protecting U.S. manufactured items from overseas competition -
Henry Clay’s American System
American system was a government-sponsored program to harmonize and balance the nation's agriculture, commerce, and industry -
Era of Good Feelings
A period in the political history of the United States that reflected a sense of national purpose and a desire for unity among Americans in the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812. -
Cultural nationalism
Cultural nationalism is a form of nationalism in which the nation is defined by a shared culture. It focuses on a national identity shaped by cultural traditions, but not on the concepts of common ancestry or race. -
Rush Bagot Agreement
A treaty between the United States and the United Kingdom limiting naval armaments on the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain -
American Colonization Society
The American Colonization Society was an organization which was formed in 1816 with the purpose of transporting free blacks from the United States to settle on the west coast of Africa. -
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James Monroe
Democratic-Republican -
Treaty of 1818
The Treaty of 1818 was between the United States and Great Britain which resolved most long standing border issues between the U.S. and British North America. -
Panic of 1819
Panic of 1819 Was the first major financial crisis in the United States. It was followed by a general collapse of the American economy that persisted through 1821. -
Adams-Onis Treaty
This was an agreement between the United States and Spain signed in 1819 which established the southern border of the Louisiana Purchase. As part of the agreement, the United States obtained the territory of present day Florida. -
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
The Supreme Court ruled that the state of New Hampshire had violated the contract clause. Due to its attempt to install a new board of trustees for Dartmouth College. This case also signaled the disestablishment of church and state in the state of New Hampshire. -
McCulloch v. Maryland
McCulloch v. Maryland discussed the implied powers granted to the U.S. government through the Constitution. The 'necessary and proper' clause led to the victory of the federal government against Maryland. The case allowed the federal government to continue to greatly expand power and supremacy over the state governments. -
Commonwealth System
Commonwealth System The system included legislative support for road and canal companies and made grants of limited liability to help businesses start up. -
Tallmadge Amendment
The Amendment was a proposed amendment to a bill requesting the Territory of Missouri to be admitted to the Union as a state. -
Missouri Compromise
Missouri Compromise was the legislation that provided the admission of Maine to the United States as a free state along with Missouri as a slave state, this was intended to help maintain the balance of power between the North and South in the United States Senate. -
Cohens v. Virginia
Cohens v. Virginia a case by the United States Supreme Court most notable for the Court's assertion of power to review state supreme court decisions in criminal law matters when the defendant claims that their Constitutional rights have been violated -
Gibbons v. Ogden
Gibbons v. Ogden a landmark decision in which the Supreme Court of the United States held the power in which they could regulate interstate commerce, which was granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution, encompassing the power to regulate navigation. -
Monroe Doctrine
Monroe Doctrine a foreign policy statement which originally set forth in 1823 in which the United States promised to stay out of European business and told the Europeans to stay out of the Western Hemisphere's business as well. -
"Corrupt Bargain” of 1824
The house elected John Quincy Adams over rival Andrew Jackson. It was widely believed that Clay, the current Speaker of the House had convinced Congress to elect Adams, who then made Clay his Secretary of State. Jackson's supporters denounced this as a "corrupt bargain." -
Erie Canal
The Erie Canal was first opened in 1825. It was extremely significant because it had connected Lake Erie and the Great Lakes system to the Hudson River, which gave the western states direct access to the Atlantic Ocean without shipping goods downstream on the Mississippi River to New Orleans. -
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John Quincy Adams
Democratic-Republican -
American Temperance Society
American Temperance Society was the very first U.S. social movement organization to help mobilize massive and national support for specific reform cause. Their objective was to become the national clearinghouse for the topic of temperance. Within three years of its organization, ATS had continued to spread across the country. -
"Tariff of Abominations”
The tariff Abominations was a protective tariff that was passed by the Congress of the United States on May 19, 1828. Intended to protect industry in the Northern United States. -
American Peace Society founded
The American Peace Society was the first ever nationally based secular peace organization in the United States. Formed in 1828 from several state and local peace societies of New York, Maine, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. -
Revolution (Election) of 1828
The election marked the rise of Jacksonian Democracy and the transition from the First Party System to the Second Party System. Jackson was also the first President whose home state was neither Massachusetts nor Virginia. -
Spoils System
The Spoils System advocated by Andrew Jackson was based on rotation in office and rewarding loyal supporters. Jackson had good cause in placing so much importance on loyalty. -
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Andrew Jackson
Democrat -
Peggy Eaton Affair
This affair led to the resignation of Jackson's entire cabinet and a serious rift with his First Lady. Peggy Eaton Affair, had scandalized the nation and changed the events of American history. -
Indian Removal Act
This act was, the Indian removal forced by migration in the 19th century whereby Native Americans were forced by the United States government to leave their ancestral homelands in the eastern United States to lands west of the Mississippi River. -
Nat Turner’s Rebellion
Nat Turner's rebellion was one of the largest slave rebellions ever to take place in the United States, and it played an important role in the development of antebellum slave society. -
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
The Worcester v Georgia case was able to show the oppression of the Native Americans by the federal government. The state of Georgia had set laws to protect the territory of the Cherokee tribes, but the verdict of the court case didn't allow them. -
Trail of Tears
The Cherokee nation was forced to give up their land around east of the Mississippi River. Which required them to migrate to an area in present-day Oklahoma. The Cherokee people called this the "Trail of Tears” due to its devastating effects that were left upon the Indians. -
McCormick invented the Mechanical Reaper
The machine was used by farmers to harvest crops in a new mechanical way. For hundreds of years, farmers and field workers had to harvest crops by hand using a sickle or other methods, this new method helps farmers save time. -
Worcester v. Georgia
Worcester argued that Georgia lacked the right to extend laws to Cherokee territory. He claimed that the act under which he had been convicted violated the U.S. Constitution, which gave the U.S. Congress the authority to regulate the commerce with Native Americans. -
Nullification Crisis
This crisis was based upon, Southern protests against the series of protective taxes that were introduced to tax all foreign goods, to boost the sales of US products and protect manufacturers in the North from cheap British goods. -
Jackson’s Bank War
The Bank War was the name given to the campaign which was started by President Andrew Jackson in 1833 to destroy the Second Bank of the United States, after his reelection made him believe his opposition to the bank had won over national support. -
American Antislavery Society
The American Anti-Slavery Society had hoped to convince majority of people, including white Southerners and Northerners of slavery's true inhumanity. This new organization sent lecturers across the North to convince people of slavery's brutality. The speakers for the society has also hoped to convince people that slavery was immoral and ungodly. Explaining why it should be outlawed. -
Species Circular
All government owned lands needed to be paid for exclusively in gold or silver (specie) in order to restrain excessive land in the west and to curtail the enormous growth of paper money in circulation. -
The Alamo
The Alamo was an 18th century Franciscan Mission that occured in San Antonio, Texas. Which was the location of an important battle for Texans fighting for independence from Mexico. During 1836, a small group of Texans were defeated by the Mexican General, Santa Anna. -
Panic of 1837
The panic of 1837 was a financial crisis in the United States that touched off a major recession that lasted until the mid-1840s. Profits, prices, and wages went down while unemployment continued to increase. -
John Deere invented the Steel Plow
The steel plow was an invention for farmers in the United States. Invented by John Deere. It had several effects on our country. While wooden plows would continue to break due to the soil which was very tough to cultivate. The new and improved steel plow was strong enough to break the soil apart to allow farming to occur more effectively. -
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Martin Van Buren
Democrat -
“Log Cabin and Hard Cider” Campaign of 1840
A strategy that was used by the Whig party in the election of 1840 to make Harrison look like the common man that drinks hard cider and lives in a log cabin even though it was a completely false image. -
Shakers
Their beliefs were based upon spiritualism and included the notion that they received messages from the spirit of God which were expressed during religious revivals. -
Dorothea Dix and Mental Hospitals
Dorothea Dix played a crucial role in the founding or expansion of over more than 30 hospitals for the treatment of the mentally ill. She was leading a movement that people with mental disturbances could be cured and helped. -
American Renaissance
The American Renaissance was significant because it was the first time ever in history that American writers were considered equal or even better than European writers were. -
Second Great Awakening (1800-1870s)
This was a Protestant religious movement that occurred in the United States. It began around 1790. Membership began to rise among the Baptist and Methodist congregations, whose preachers continued to lead the movement. Thousands of people gathered at large religious meetings called revivals often during this time. -
Irish Potato Famine
The Irish Potato Famine, also known as the Great Hunger, began in 1845 when an organism called Phytophthora (like fungus) spread rapidly throughout Ireland. The infestation ruined up to one half of the potato crop that year, and about three quarters of the crop over the next seven years. -
Brook Farm
Brook Farm was one of many experiments in community living that took place in the United States during the first half of the 19th century. It is better known because of the distinguished literary figures and intellectual leaders associated with it. -
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William Henry Harrison
Whig -
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John Tyler
Whig -
Commonwealth v. Hunt
The case helped set the precedent on the legality of labor unions in America. Before this ruling was made, any organization created to protect the rights of workers was assumed to be illegal. -
Webster-Ashburton Treaty
This treaty had helped to settle disputes over the northern boundary between the United States and Canada, which was controlled by Great Britain. The treaty signaled a strong partnership and diplomatic success for the two nations. -
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James K. Polk
Democratic -
Seneca Fall Convention
The Seneca Falls Convention was the first women's rights convention ever in the United States. It was held in July 1848 in Seneca Falls, New York. The meeting helped to launch women's suffrage movement. -
Oneida Community
The Oneida Community was a perfectionist religious communal society founded by John Humphrey Noyes in 1848. The Oneida Community practiced communalism, complex marriage, male sexual continence, and mutual criticism.
