Period 2 600 B.C.E - 600 C.E

Jewish Diaspora

586 BCE

Diaspora, (Greek: Dispersion)Hebrew Galut (Exile), the dispersion of Jews among the Gentiles after the Babylonian Exile; or the aggregate of Jews or Jewish communities scattered “in exile” outside Palestine or present-day Israel.

White Huns take down the Gupta empire

550 BCE

The White Huns, those who invaded the Gupta Empire during the reign of Kumaragupta, were also known as the Hephthalites, and caused great damage to the failing Gupta Empire.

Roman Republic established

509 BCE

The ancient Roman state from 509 BC until Augustus assumed power in 27 BC; was governed by an elected Senate but dissatisfaction with the Senate led to civil wars that culminated in a brief dictatorship by Julius Caesar. Example of: republic. a form of government whose head of state is not a monarch.

Siddhartha Guatama travels and teaches

500 BCE

Siddhartha Gautama was a prince who lived in the kingdom of Sakyas, near the present day border of India and Nepal, more than 2500 years ago. The young prince was raised in great luxury, but he was not happy. He wanted to understand what caused human suffering. He did not understand why some people were rich and others were poor. Why some people were healthy and others sickly.

Confucius is teaching what will become the Analects

500 BCE

The Analects of Confucius. The Analects are a collection of the teachings and thoughts of Confucius; they also contain fragments of dialogues between the great Chinese philosopher and his disciples. ... The Analects were probably written over a period of 30-50 years

Collapse of western roman empire

476 BCE

Romulus, the last of the Roman emperors in the west, was overthrown by the Germanic leader Odoacer, who became the first Barbarian to rule in Rome. The order that the Roman Empire had brought to western Europe for 1000 years was no more.

Peloponnesian war

431 BCE

Was an ancient Greek war fought by the Delian League led by Athens against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. Historians have traditionally divided the war into three phases.

Daoism Begins

400 BCE

The two great indigenous philosophical traditions of China. As an English term, Daoism corresponds to both Daojia (“Dao family” or “school of the Dao”), an early Han dynasty (c. 100s B.C.E.) term which describes so-called “philosophical” texts and thinkers such as Laozi and Zhuangzi, and Daojiao (“teaching of the Dao”), which describes various so-called “religious” movements dating from the late Han dynasty (c. 100s C.E.) onward.

Phlip of Macedon conquer the Greek city states

382 BCE

Macedon from 359 BC until his assassination in 336 BC. He was a member of the Argead dynasty of Macedonian kings, the third son of King Amyntas III of Macedon, and father of Alexander the Great and Philip III.

Gupta Dynasty established

375 BCE

Gupta dynasty, rulers of the Magadha (now Bihar) state in northeastern India. They maintained an empire over northern and parts of central and western India from the early 4th to the late 6th century ce. The first ruler of the empire was Chandra Gupta I, who was succeeded by his son, the celebrated Samudra Gupta.

Constantinople becomes capital of Rome

340 BCE

Byzantium took on the name of Kōnstantinoupolis ("city of Constantine", Constantinople) after its refoundation under Roman emperor Constantine I, who transferred the capital of the Roman Empire to Byzantium in 330 and designated his new capital officially as Nova Roma (Νέα Ῥώμη) 'New Rome'.

Alexander the Great defeats the Persians

330 BCE

The invading troops led by Alexander were outnumbered more than 2:1, yet they defeated the army personally led by Darius III of Achaemenid Persia. ... It was the first time the Persian army had been defeated with the King present on the field.

Mauryan empire established by Chandragupta Maurya

321 BCE

Maurya Empire in ancient India. ... Chandragupta built one of the largest empires ever on the Indian subcontinent. According to Jain sources, he then renounced it all, and became a monk in the Jain tradition.

Constantine’s Edict of Milan ends Roman persecution of Christians

319 BCE

Constantine issued the Edict of Milan in 313, thus ending all Roman-sponsored persecution of Christianity, the Empire became a haven for Christians. ... The agreement required that Christians be treated benevolently within the Roman Empire.

mayan civilization

300 BCE

The Maya Empire, centered in the tropical lowlands of what is now Guatemala, reached the peak of its power and influence around the sixth century A.D. The Maya excelled at agriculture, pottery, hieroglyph writing, calendar-making and mathematics, and left behind an astonishing amount of impressive architecture and symbolic artwork.

Roman Empire divided in 2 by Diocletian

285 BCE

Roman Empire had grown so vast that it was no longer feasible to govern all the provinces from the central seat of Rome. The Emperor Diocletian divided the empire into halves with the Eastern Empire governed out of Byzantium (later Constantinople) and the Western Empire governed from Rome.

First of the Punic Wars

264 BCE

Roman Republic and the Carthaginian (Punic) empire that resulted in the destruction of Carthage. ... The First Punic War was fought to establish control over the strategic islands of Corsica and Sicily.

Era of Warring States Begins

246 BCE

Warring states remained by the third century BC: Qin, Chu, Qi, Yan, Han, Wei, and Zhao.

Ashoka dies

232 BCE

Legend states that during his cremation, his body burned for seven days and nights. After his death, the Mauryan dynasty lasted just fifty more years until his empire stretched over almost all of the Indian subcontinent.
Ashoka - Wikipedia

Qin Dynasty started building walls

221 BCE

Was built during the reign of Emperor Qin Shi Huang, along the country's northern border to prevent the invasion of Huns.

Legalism is a dominant belief system (Qin)

221 BCE

Morality was of no concern to the legalist philosophers because they felt it played no part in people's decision-making process. In Legalism, laws direct one's natural inclinations for the betterment of all. The person who wants to kill their neighbor is prevented by law but would be allowed to kill others by joining the army. In this way the person's selfish desires are gratified and the state benefits by having a dedicated soldier.

Han Dynasty established

206 BCE

Peasant rebel leader Liu Bang (known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu), was the second imperial dynasty of China. It followed the Qin dynasty (221–206 BCE), which had unified the Warring States of China by conquest.

Final collapse of the Han Dynasty

189 BCE

Which roughly coincides with the tumultuous reign of the Han dynasty's last ruler, Emperor Xian. ... The Han dynasty formally ended in 220 when Cao Cao's son and heir, Cao Pi, pressured Emperor Xian into abdicating in his favour.

Silk road established

130 BCE

Image result for silk road established
The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes, formally established during the Han Dynasty of China

Julius Caesar murdered

44 BCE

The assassination of Caesar was the result of a conspiracy by many Roman senators led by Gaius Cassius Longinus, Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus, and Marcus Junius Brutus. They stabbed Caesar (23 times) to death in a location adjacent to the Theatre of Pompey on the Ides of March 15 March 44 BC.

pax romana

27 BCE

Starting with the reign of Augustus and ending with the reign of Marcus Aurelius, the Pax Romana is a relatively stable 200 year period. The first five emperors are of the Julio-Claudia Dynasty.

Christianity begins 1st century

1 BCE

Christianity in the 1st century deals with the formative years of the Early Christian community. The earliest followers of Jesus were a Jewish sect, which historians refer to as Jewish Christianity. The split of early Christianity from Judaism was gradual, as Christianity became a predominantly Gentile religion.