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1300
The first use of forensic science was used in 13th century china
It was recorded in the chinese book "Washing Away of Wrongs" by Song Ci -
Mathuei Orfila crafted the first ever documented study about toxicology
This book was called "Traité des poisons tirés des règnes minéral, végétal et animal; ou, Toxicologie générale" meaning Treatise on poisons drawn from the mineral, vegetable and animal kingdoms; or, General toxicology -
William Herschel used thumbprints on documents to identify workers in India
To prove his theory, he spent his whole life fingerprinting himself comparing it to when he was younger -
Alphonse Bertillon also known as “Father of Criminal Identification”. Developed Anthropometry which uses body measurements to distinguish individuals.
He also created forensic techniques to research any broken windows force and ballistics -
Henry Faulds uses fingerprints to eliminate an innocent burglary suspect.
He asked both Charles Darwin and Scotland yard if they would pursue this with him, but didn't believe that fingerprints were unique -
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle published his first Sherlock Holmes story; Considered the first “CSI”, featured in four novels and 56 short stories, popularized scientific crime-detection methods.
Sir Arthur also personally investigated two cases and lead to the exoneration of the people charged -
Francis Galton published Finger Prints. Conducted the first definitive study of fingerprints and their classification he also gave proof of their uniqueness.
Francis Galton was also helped by Henry Flauds in developing this form of identification -
Hans Gross wrote the first paper describing the application of scientific principles to the field of criminal investigation. Published Criminal Investigation.
Hans also published a book while teaching criminology at Graz called Handbuch für Untersuchungsrichter als System der Kriminalistik -
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood groups, later received Nobel Prize.
In cooperation with Erwin Popper he also discovered polio virus -
Edmond Locard incorporated Gross’ principles within a workable crime lab; became the founder and director of the Institute of Criminalistics at the University of Lyons, France.
Edmond also created the first ever crime lab, connected with the police department -
Albert S. Osborn published Questioned Documents. Developed the fundamental principles of document examination
He also formed the American Society of Questioned Document Examiners, and was the first president -
Leone Lattes developed a method for determining blood type from dried blood.
He published his first book , "L'individualita del Sangue nella Biologia, nella Clinica enella Medicina Legale" about types and study of blood stains -
August Vollmer established the First Crime Lab in United States, located in Los Angeles.
Vollmer was also the first person to ever use a lie detector in an real case -
Calvin Goddard developed a comparison microscope; first used to compare bullets to see if fired from the same weapon.
Calvin Goddard also commanded the US Army Crime Laboratory in Japan for multiple years after World War II
