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Tariff of 1824
This tariff increased the rates of the previous tariff in 1816. This was done so that more people bought American manufactured goods instead of British goods. This tariff caused two different reactions, the northern states were happy because that increased the level of manufacturing which was good for business. The southern states were angered because they received no benefit from this, they were being forced to pay more money for the same goods. -
Tariff of 1828
The Tariff of 1828 raised taxes on foreign goods in order to increase the production/manufacturing of goods in America. This made the southern states angry because they felt that they were receiving any kind of benefit where as the northern region is mainly production so they were the only states that benefited. -
South Carolina Exposition
The South Carolina Exposition was written in secret by John C. Calhoun at the time he was Vice President for Andrew Jackson. Calhoun's motivation for writing this was in response to the series of tariffs that had been passed, resulting in the South having most of the negative impacts. In this document he reinforced the ideas of nullification by claiming that it was protecting the rights of the South. -
Tariff of 1832
The Tariff of 1832 was made in an attempt at a compromise, this act lowered the tariff to its previous levels in 1816. This motivation behind this was to try to satisfy the southern population who was threatening to secede from the union because of the uprise in tariffs. Although President Jackson did believe in states' rights he was going to do anything to keep the Union together. South Carolina responded to this by nullifying the tariff. -
South Carolina Nullification
John Quincy Adams was one of the main voices behind the South Carolina nullification. The nullification was in response to the tariff on accounts that it was"unconstitutional". The nullification basically meant that the state was not going to abide by the tariff laws. This caused Jackson to grow angry with the state of South Carolina because although he supported states' rights, he thought the nullification was foreshadowing a potential break up of the Union. -
Jackson's Proclamation Against Nullification
Jackson's proclamation was caused by South Carolina's threat to secede from the Union. In response to this threat, Jackson said that he would invade the state and have all of the 'nullies' hanged. He prepared an army and navy ready to be sent to South Carolina and asked Congress for the Force Bill. This would allow him to use force to collect the taxes. -
Haynes' Counterargument
In response to Jackson's proclamation of nullification, Haynes' counterargument was that if the state is oppressed by the law they have the right to declare that law unconstitutional and therefore nullify it. This angered Jackson, and not long after this the Force Bill was passed by Congress -
Clay's Compromise
Henry Clay and John Calhoun created a compromise to the Nullification crisis. It is often called the Compromise Tariff of 1833. The motivation behind this compromise was to avoid any violence and to bring peace. This tariff was similar to the one in 1832 except it had more benefits to the South, such as reduction rates in the tariffs. This compromise was accepted and put into action, it benefited both the South and the rest of the Union. -
Force Bill
South Carolina nullified the tariff passed in 1832 and were threatening to secede if their demands were not met. In response to this Congress passed the Force Bill which allowed Jackson to use military action to enforce the law if needed. This was meant to let the states know that their threats of seceding and nullification would not be tolerated by Jackson. -
South Carolina Repeal of Nullificatoin
When Congress passed the Force Bill, Henry Clay created a compromise to avoid violence in the state. After the newly negotiated tariff was passed that was now favorable to South Carolina, the South Carolina convention met and decided to repeal the Nullification Ordinance.
