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Tarriff of Abominations
Andrew Jackson was confronted by South Carolina regarding the issue of a protective tariff on their cotton. They asked if Jackson could use his presidential power granted to him to change the Tariff of Abominations Act because it only protects industrial businesses in Northern states leaving the agricultural businesses in South Carolina Poorer. -
John C. Calhoun's Exposition and Protest
Calhoun argued that the 1828 tariff was unconstitutional because it gave industry a higher priority than trade and agriculture. He believed that the tariff power could be used to raise money rather than shield American companies from international competition. -
Webster-Heyne Debate
The conflicting ideas of the United States had become widespread in both the North and the South by 1830 found expression in the disputes between Daniel Webster and Robert Hayne. Webster saw the Union as the unbreakable manifestation of a single national identity. -
South Carolina Exposition and Protest
In 1832, John C. Calhoun, Jackson's vice president, suggested that South Carolina had the right to nullify "oppressive national legislation". Congress later passed a bill that Jackson signed that revised and edited the 1828 tariff. However, this did not meet the results that the South Carolinians yearned. So, later on, South Carolina adopted the Ordinance of Nullification declared that both tariffs were "null and void". With the Ordinance, South Carolina threatened to raise their own military. -
Ordinance of Nullification
All promises, contracts, and obligations made or to be made with the intention of securing the duties imposed by said acts, as well as any future judicial proceedings held in support of them, are and will be declared completely null and void. So the ordinance declared tariffs of 1828 and 1832 null and void. -
Proclamation against Nullifiers.
Andrew Jackson sent a naval fleet to Charleston in response to the threat of nullification from South Carolina. Andrew Jackson issued a resounding proclamation against nullifications. Andrew Jackson said that South Carolina was on the brink of treason and he made the people of South Carolina re-pledge their allegiance to the United States. -
Force Bill
During the Nullification Crisis of 1832, President Andrew Jackson pushed for the passage of the Force Bill, which became law in 1833. This bill gave the President of the United States the authority to use the military to enforce federal tariff and tax regulations against states that violated them. -
Clay's Tariff Bill
Clay was Andrew Jackson's rival who advocated for the protection of the union. Clay then later on passed a bill that made 20% of the value of all goods imported that would reduce every year before 1842.