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Tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations)
The tariff of 1828 was created to support the growing industries in America by taxing imported goods up to 50% to make Americans buy more goods domestically. Manufacturers in the Middle, Western, and Northeastern states had less competition and benefited from this while Southern states opposed the tariff since they relied on exports to Britain. -
South Carolina Exposition and Protest
The South Carolina Exposition and Protest was drafted secretly by John Adams's vice president, John C. Calhoun. The protest states that the government had overdone its authority and the tariff imposed was unconstitutional and should not be enforced. -
Tariff of 1832
The Tariff of 1832 was made by Henry Clay and John Calhoun to come to an agreement with opposing states (the South) of the previous tariffs enacted. The imported taxes decreased to 35% but this still did not sit well with southern states. -
Ordinance of Nullification
The South Carolina legislature had a state convention that adopted the Ordinance of Nullification. This ordinance had called all tariffs imposed void and stated that the government must respect their stance. -
Proclamation to the People of South Carolina
President Andrew Jackson addressed the people of South Carolina and created the "Proclamation to the People of South Carolina". This proclamation had enforced his authority and power over the states of being to enforce laws and to also warn the people of South Carolina of using the Ordinance of Nullification since it was considered treason. -
Force Bill
The Force Bill was passed by Congress which allowed President Jackson to use the US military to enforce the tariffs if states refused to submit to it. This was due to Southern states trying to declare the tariffs null and void. -
Compromise Tariff of 1833
The Compromise Tariff of 1833 was adopted along with the force bill. The compromise tariff had reduced the rates of the tariffs which remained at 35-45%. -
South Carolina Repeal of Nullification
The South Carolina Repeal of Nullification is where the people of South Carolina had abandoned their previous Ordinance of Nullification. They still went through nullifying the Force Bill days later. The state realized its position in the union and how northern states exceeded them. This created much tension and contributed to the fuel of the Civil War.