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The First Fleet Landing in Sydney
The First Fleet of 11 ships, arrived at Botany Bay, New South Wales on the 24th of January 1788, carrying more than 1480 men, women and children.
Captain Arthur Phillip was in charge of the fleet.
They were the first convicts that arrived to settle in New South Wales. -
The Second Fleet
The Second Fleet arrived in Port Jackson on 3rd of June 1790.
The ship carried over 730 people.
The First Fleet was well organised but the Second Fleet was poorly managed so many convicts either died from starving or got sick from diseases.
This happened because the ships masters kept foods and supplies to themselves to fill their own greediness. -
Crossing of the Blue Mountains
In 1813, explores Blaxland, Lawson and Wentworth travelled and successfully crossed the Blue Mountains in New South Wales.
To expand the colony they needed more farming lands especially after the drought.
The success of crossing the Blue Mountains helped the economy of New South Wales. -
Myall Creek massacre
On 10th of June 1838, a group of people including 10 Europeans and 1 African killed nearly 30 unarmed Aboriginals.
Aboriginal men, women and children were brutally murdered near Myall Creek Station in northern New South Wales.
After the 2 trials of murdering innocent people, 7 of the killers were hanged. -
Gold Rush
In 1851, Edward Hargraves found gold in a waterhole near Bathurst.
This discovery started the Australian gold rushes.
This resulted growth in the population and the economy of New South Wales. -
Queensland separates from New South Wales
On the 6th of June 1859, the British Government created the colony Queensland, separating it from New South Wales.
Australia was now organised into six separate colonies: New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, Western Australia and Queensland. -
Big Gold Robbery
On the 15th of June 1862, Frank Gardiner, gang of bushrangers held up the gold escort coach at Eugowra, New South Wales. Bushrangers were hiding behind the rocks and then shot at the coach injuring policeman and the driver. They then stole 77kg of gold and 3,700 pounds in cash. It was known to be the Australia's biggest gold robbery. -
The Kelly gang is formed
The Kelly gang began in 1878 over an argument between police Constable Fitzpatrick at the Kelly homestead. He accused Ned and his family of attacking him but Ned was not at the house at the time. Ned escaped to Wombat Ranges, and with his 2 friends Joe Byrne and Steve Hart together they formed the Kelly gang. The Kelly gang ended when all members were killed and when Ned Kelly was hung on the 11th of November 1880. -
The White Australia Policy
On 13 January 1881, an act passed in the New South Wales Parliament to restrict Chinese people from migrating to Australia.
This Policy was created, as Australians were worried that Chinese people would work with lower wages then Australian workers.
Australians believed that white people were higher then black and coloured people.
This policy legally ended in 1973. -
Federation-call for a united Australia
On the 24th of October 1889, the veteran New South Wales politician Henry Parkes, made a Tenterfield Oration speech.
The speech was about the federation of the 6 Australian colonies to unite.
Henry Parkes believed that one country would be stronger than 6 small colonies and also that there would be one centre for defense and one economy. -
The Federation Drought
From 1895, 5 years of continuous drought occurred in the most of Australia especially in South Australia, Queensland and New South Wales. Due to the drought many sheep's and cattle's died and many rivers dried up. It lasted until autumn 1903.
The name of the 'Federation drought' was given as the period of the drought occurred around the time of Federation. -
Federation made legal
On the 1st of January 1901, the six colonies united where Australia became a Commonwealth of Australia.
Edmund Barton was Australia's first Prime Minister until the elections for the new Federal Parliament were held on the 29th of March 1901. Under the Australian federal system power was shared between federal Parliament and state Parliaments.
