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Fishing History
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Native Fishers
In the 1960s native fisherman, Yakima, Nez Perce, Umatilma, and Warm Springs, complained that the state and federal government were violating their treaty made in 1856. The treaty said that the native fisherman could fish where the white man fished and their land. Once taken to court the judge decided that the native fishers can take 50% of fish in common with non-indians. This was upheld by the supreme court in 1979 -
First Hatchery
Due to depletion of fish 1877 on the Clackamas River the first fish hatchery was made.
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](http://“Columbia River.” Columbia River. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Apr. 2015. http://oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/columbia_river/#.vulltcfvikp)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/johnson_creek_(willamette_river)</a><a href='http://“Johnson Creek (Willamette River).” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 30 Apr. 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/johnson_creek_(willamette_river)' ></a> -
Fishwheel
First Fishwheel put on the COlumbia river. -
Fish Canning
In the 1880s there were 30 canning factories on the river from Astoria to Dalles. In 1869 there were 10,000 cases of salmon canned, in 1878 there were 450,000, and in the 1880s there were 634,000 cases each year. -
Leading Export
Salmon became the leading export only behind wheat and flour. Oregon limits fishing season duration to limit catch of salmon. -
Salmon Numbers
In 1925 Salmon numbers started to decline due to over fishing.
http://oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/columbia_river/#.vulltcfvikp' ></a>' ><a href='http://“Columbia River.” Columbia River. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Apr. 2015. -
Grand Coulee dam
The grand Coulee dam was not helpful to fish. It killed most fish runs and so hatcheries had to be made up river. Also it ruined Washingtons plans to rebuild Columbia fishery. In 1938 it cut off river to migrating fish and the dam was not possible to have a fish ladder. Mitchell Act 1938 says that move hatcheries and build new ones and design fishways, screen irrigation works, and biological surveys to improve habitat. -
15 Million FIsh
At one point there were 15 million fish going up river each year. Dams closed 50% of habitat and the bonneville gates were closed in 1938. In 1998 the runs were down to 3.2 million or 919,000 in some years. -
Hatchery fish
75% of fish were bred in hatchery. People started saying that the end of wild salmon and steelhead because of hatchery fish spreading diseases exposed to the wild fish.
http://oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/columbia_river/#.vulltcfvikp</a> -
Most Important Salmon Run
The Salmon run is the most important going from April to November. Other runs include theChinook and Sockeye in the Spring, Summer, and Fall. Another run is the Coho and Pink in the Summer and Fall. Finally, the Chum in Fall like the columbia like all the others. These 450 platforms at Celilo Falls are catching these fish for trade and money and some of the fish reaching over 50 lbs. <a href='http://“Columbia River.” Columbia River. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Apr. 2015. -
First Cannery
<a href='http://“Cathlamet, Washington.” (WA 98612) profile: population, maps, real estate, averages, homes, statistics, relocation, travel, jobs, hospitals, schools, crime, moving, houses, news, sex offenders. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Apr. 2015. http://www.city-data.com/city/cathlamet-washington.html' “Columbia River.” Columbia River. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Apr. 2015. http://oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/columbia_river/#.vulltcfvikp
The first cannery opened was in 1866 by George Washington (not the president) and William Hume at Eagle Cliff near present day Catchlamet.
