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Sand Creek Massacre
After about 750 friendly Cheyenne and Arapaho, led by Chief Black Kettle, were forced to leave their winter camp near Fort Lyon in southeastern Colorado, the Sand Creek Massacre (1864) took place. Volunteer Colorado soldiers attacked, scattering them while slaughtering 148 men, women and children as they set up camp at Sand Creek. -
Red Cloud's War
The War of the Red Cloud (1866) started when the U.S. government established the Bozeman Trail through Indian territory to give miners and settlers through the Powder River access to gold in the Montana Territory. For two years, to save their ancestral territories, an Indian alliance headed by Lakota Leader Red Cloud targeted employees, settlers and troops. Their tenacity paid off as the U.S. The military left the city and ratified the Fort Laramie Treaty in 1868. -
Battle of the Little Bighorn
On June 25, 1876, at the Battle of the Little Bighorn, General George Armstrong Custer led 600 troops to the Little Bighorn Gorge, where about 3,000 Sioux and Cheyenne warriors led by Mad Horse defeated them. In the battle, known as Custer's Last Stand, Custer and his men were all killed. The U.S. administration forced the Sioux to sell the Black Hills and flee the land, after the conclusive Indian victory. -
Wounded Knee
The Indian "Ghost Dancers" claimed in the late nineteenth century that a particular dance rite would reunite them with the deceased and bring peace and prosperity. The U.S. on Dec. 29, 1890, At Wounded Knee Creek, near the Pine Ridge reservation in South Dakota, the Army surrounded a party of Ghost Dancers. Fierce fighting broke out during the resulting Wounded Knee Massacre and 150 Indians were slaughtered.
