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Period: to
Italian Campaign (Green)
Most of Northern Italy was conquered for France. Napoleon had gained a taste for governing through this. -
Egyptian Campaign (Yellow)
Napoleon led an expedition to Egypt in hopes of disrupting British trade with India. This failed as Napoleon was defeated by the British Navy Admiral Horacio Nelson at the Battle of the Nile.
Napoleon fled back to France leaving his troops behind while falsely saying that he had won the battle. He knew that by the time his troops came back, it would be too late for them to tell France the truth. -
Consulate (Yellow)
Napoleon became a political leader and helped overthrow the frail Directory. A three-man governing board was set up called the Consulate. They wrote a new constitution but it did not last long due to Napoleon taking the title of First Consul. -
Banque de France (Green)
Founded by Napoleon, it was to help restore the economy after the devastation the revolution caused to it. -
Concordat of 1801 (Yellow)
This gave Catholics religious freedom but still kept the church under state control. Some revolutionaries did not like that the church disagreed with the concordat while the Catholics accepted it. -
Consul For Life (Green)
Napoleon declared himself consul for life in 1802 which would keep him in power for a very long time. -
Declared Self-Emperor (Green)
Napoleon declared himself an emperor two years after he made himself consul for life. During the coronation, he took the crown out of the Pope’s hands and put it on his own head. This was an act to show how much power he had. -
Napoleon Code (Yellow)
The code did some good by doing things like making all equality of citizens before the law, abolishing feudalism, and religious toleration. However, it also had some bad effects such as causing women to lose their rights again. -
Period: to
Napoleonic Wars (Yellow)
conflicts where Napoleon fought combined forces of great European powers. Napoleon was able to spread his empire and develop battle strategies that confused his enemies. There were lots of risks taken and some situations ended terribly. -
Battle of Trafalgar (Red)
Napoleon had prepared to invade England but lost the Battle of Trafalgar off of the southwest coast of Spain. The French Fleet was destroyed in this battle by the British Admiral Horatio Nelson. This prevented any chance of an invasion being possible. -
Continental System (Red)
Because Napoleon’s plans for an invasion were ruined, he decided to attack Britain’s commerce. He attacked economically though the Continental System which closed European ports to Britain’s goods. In response, Britain also blocked European ports. In this struggle ships suspected of trading with the opponent were captured and British attacks on American ships triggered the war of 1812. The Continental System ended up failing to neutralize and it raised resentment against France. -
Abolished Holy Roman Empire (Green)
Napoleon abolished the unstable Holy Roman Empire and incorporated parts of the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy and Germany into his empire. He also created a 38 member Confederation of the Rhine that was protected by France, Prussian territory was cut in half and Poland was turned into the Grand Duchy of Warsaw. The Empire of Napoleon was expanding immensely. -
Resistance of Spain (Red)
Napoleon wanted to undermine the Spanish Catholic Church but there were many loyal Spaniards who stayed with the church and their former king. The invaders were resisted by the Spanish and French forces did some serious damage but Spanish nationalism was intensifying. Spain kept French soldiers busy using tactics like Guerrilla warfare when Napoleon needed them somewhere else. -
Invasion of Russia (Red)
Tsar Alexander I used to be Napoleon’s ally but decided that the economics of his system would be harmful to Russia. Another concern of the Tsar’s was that Napoleon had expanded the Grand Duchy of Warsaw which was near Russia. The Tsar took away his support from France and Napoleon responded by assembling the Grand Army and invading Russia. When both sides met up in Moscow, France had no more resources left and on the retreat back home, they lost terribly. -
Battle of the Nations at Leipzig (Red)
The tragic event in Russia started a downward spiral of defeat for Napoleon. Russia, Britain, Austria, and Prussia all formed an alliance against France and Defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig. -
Abdication (Red)
Napoleon abdicated and Louis XVIII was put on the throne. He accepted the Napoleonic Code and said he would honor the land settlements from the revolution but many emigres were coming back for revenge. People’s fear and an economic depression caused the spark of loyalty to Napoleon to ignite again. -
Period: to
Hundred Days (yellow)
Napoleon returns from exile with some inside help. He sits on the throne once again. The 7th Coalition was then formed to combat him. -
Waterloo (Red)
Napoleon came back into power but was only there for a short amount of time. The allies reassembled their forces and met with French army at Waterloo. The British forces were commanded by the Duke of Wellington and the Prussian Army was commanded by General Blucher. They completely obliterated the French in a day-long battle. Napoleon was exiled once again, this time on St. Helena. He did not return to the throne again.
