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Elvis Presley
- Born January 8 1935, Tupelo, Mississippi
- Considered as the king of Rock 'n' Roll
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Period: to
1950's
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Johnny Cash
- Born February 26 1932, Kingsland, Arkansas
- One of the members of "Million Dollar Quartet"
- Recognised for his 'Outlaw' image, mainly due to his drug addiction
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Musical Trends
The Rock ‘n’ Roll craze became popular due to teen culture changing, as a part of the baby boomer generation. Many teenagers felt that rock music made them feel more cool. Rock music also contributed to the rebellion years, in which many teenagers wanted to rebel against mainstream culture. -
Youth Culture
Rock ‘n’ Roll was mainly used to target young people at the time (first time mainstream music was targeted at a young audience). Many teenage boys starting playing guitars and many girls were attracted to boys who acted like greasers.
There were many teenagers during this era as after the second world war, many soldiers missed their loved ones and wanted to have a family, therefore as these babies grew older their teenage years was within the 1950's. -
Boys Fashion
- Black leather jacket
- Black sunglasses
- Black leather trousers
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Girls Fashion
- Full skirts
- Pencil slim tubular skirt
- Capris with blouses
- Saddle shoes
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Roy Orbison
- Born April 23 1936, Vernon, Texas
- His greatest success came in the early to mid 1960s when 22 of his songs placed on the Billboard Top Forty, including "Only the Lonely", "Crying", "In Dreams", and "Oh, Pretty Woman".
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Period: to
1960's
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The Beatles
- Rock Band
- Formed in Liverpool, by 1962 the group consisted of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr.
- The nature of their enormous popularity, which first emerged as "Beatlemania", transformed as their songwriting grew in sophistication.
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Sub Culture - Hippies
- The hippie subculture was originally a youth movement that arose in the United States during the mid-1960s and spread to other countries around the world.
- The hippie ideology was a simple way of life, by caring for and using Mother Nature to produce natural, organic food and to provide shelter. They believed in peace and 'free love'
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Main Genres
- Folk Music
- Disco - (Some films produced during this time were based around disco music such as 'Saturday Night Fever')
- Blues
- Rock
- Punk
- Jazz
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Period: to
1970's
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Younger Generation
- The older generation were repulsed by obscene lyrics within some songs, however this attracted the younger audience as they liked being different from their parents. Therefore, they listened to this music.
- Television, film and music exerted a powerful force over fashion. The TV programme Charlie's Angels spurred the demand for flared trousers and the rough, flicked-back hairstyle worn by the show's stars.
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Elton John
- Born March 25 1947, Middlesex, England
- Known his rock pianist as well as showing his influences in boogie-woogie and gospel music. He was well on the road to stardom and became the most successful pop artist of the 1970s releasing many albums, often two or more a year.
- In his four-decade career, he has sold more than 250 million records, making him one of the most successful artists of all time.
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James Brown
- Born May 3 1933, Barnwell, South Carolina
- He was referred to as "The Godfather of Soul". He is the originator of Funk and is recognized as a major figure in the 20th century popular music for both his vocals and dancing. He was also noted as the lead singer of the famed Rhythm & Blues vocal group, The Famous Flames.
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Sub Culture - Skinheads
Originated among working class youths in the UK. Named for their close-cropped or shaven heads, the first skinheads were greatly influenced by West Indian rude boys and British mods, in terms of fashion, music and lifestyle.
Originally, the skinhead subculture was primarily based on those elements, not politics or race. Since then, however, attitudes toward race and politics have become factors by which some skinheads align themselves to. -
Singer/Songwriters
During this decade singer/songwriters started to form and instantly became popular due to their authenticity. Audiences seemed to like their music as the artist could now connect with the audience as they were the ones writing and performing the songs. It gave the lyrics meaning which the audience could relate to. -
Michael Jackson
- Born Augusst 29 1958. Gary, Indiana
- He was referred to as the King of Pop, and is recognized as the most successful entertainer of all time by Guinness World Records. His contribution to music, dance, and fashion, made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.
- Thriller became and currently remains the best-selling album of all time, with sales estimated between 65 and 110 million copies worldwide.
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Period: to
1980's
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Musical Trends
- Hard rock, heavy/glam metal and pop music were the dominant music genres of the decade.
- The disco production of the 1970s, was replaced by a lighter ‘synthpop’ production.
- In the second half of the 1980s teen pop had its first wave.
- The hip hop culture continued its evolution within the latter stages of the decade.
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Television
MTV was launched in the United States in 1981, which had a huge impact on the music industry as it had major part in the Second British Invasion of the US charts.
As audiences were now able to watch a performance by their favourite artists, it meant that artists would have to sell their songs. Arguably the most famous music video in the 1980's was Michael Jackson's 'Thriller'. -
The CD
The CD officially launched in the UK and was considered “The most important development in the recorded music industry since the long playing record."
In 1988, CD sales finally higher than vinyl. -
Sub Genre - New Romantic Movement
Duran Duran the biggest New Romantic band. It was a youth fashion and music movement in the United Kingdom (1979 and 1984 — peaking around 1981), where it devloped in London nightclubs and spread to other major cities in the UK such as Liverpool, Manchester and Birmingham. -
Fashion
Significant hairstyle trends of the 1980s included the Perm, the Mullet, the Jheri curl, the Flattop, the Hi-top fade and Big hair.
Clothing trends of the 1980s included Jean jackets, Leather pants, Aviator jackets, Miniskirts, Leggings and Leg warmers. -
Spice Girls
They were a British pop girl band formed in 1994. They released their debut single, "Wannabe" in 1996, which hit number-one in more than 30 countries and helped establish the group as a "global phenomenon".
Their debut album, Spice, sold more thold more than 23 million copies worldwide, becoming the best-selling album by a female group in music history. They have sold over 75 million records worldwide, making them the best-selling female group of all time. -
Period: to
1990's
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Dr Dre
- Born February 18 1965, Compton, California
- American record producer and rapper. He is the founder and current CEO of Aftermath Entertainment and a former co-owner and artist of Death Row Records. He has produced albums for and overseen the careers of many rappers signed to his record labels, such as Snoop Dogg, Eminem and 50 Cent.
- His album, The Chronic led him to become one of the best-selling American performing artists of 1993 and to win a Grammy Award for the single "Let Me Ride".
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Eminem
- Born October 17 1972, Saint Joseph, Missouri
- Is one of the best-selling artists in the world and is the best selling artist of the 2000s. He has been ranked as one of the greatest artists of all time by many magazines such as the Rolling Stone magazine which ranked him 82nd of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.
- He has sold more than 33 million track downloads and 39.6 million albums in the United States alone.
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Period: to
2000's
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Grime - Sub Genre of Garage music
- Originated from East London. Popular Grime artist include Wiley, Kano and Dizzee Rascal (in the picture).
- Formed from Garage music, but a more aggressive and left-wing approach highlighting criminal activity.
- Working class audience can identify with the artists as they came from the same background and rough neighbourhoods, therefore will also aspire to be like them. The can identify with the artist's values and beliefs, which is to never forget your routes.
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Pop Music and Reality TV
- Reality TV shows such as The X Factor and Pop Idol have allowed normal people to become successful mainstream artists, most famously Girls Aloud and JLS.
- As these TV shows target a mainstream audience, they are instantly rejected by an alternative audience.
- Creatives have limited freedom as they are signed by the record company and don't have much say. However, they do give the institution a quick, safe profit through becoming a Christmas No. 1 and they earn profit through phone votings.
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File Sharing
File Sharing is the practice of distributing or providing access to digitally stored information. This caused huge controversy within the music industry and music was downloaded illegally from the internet.
Audiences would benefit as they wouldn't have to pay and will save money, however they can get arrested.
Institutions can also benefit as their songs will be promoted across the world throught the internet, however they gain less revenue. This being the main reason of the controversy.
