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First Slaves in America
History of Slavery VideoAccording to Banks & Banks (2013), "the arrival of the first slave ships, in 1619, added an African tribal substratum to southern religions; many congregations in time became biracial" (p. 84). Our country was founded on the concept of religious freedom (Banks & Banks, 2013, p. 83) yet many believed that those who disagreed with their religion should not have freedom. This event foreshadowed many later paradoxes in American life. -
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Early America
Early American historical events that still impact education today -
Manifest Destiny & Guadalupe Hidalgo
Our nation's core values reach back to 1848, when Manifest Destiny was justifed through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, whereas we acquired 55% of Mexico's pre-war territory (Shmoop, 2015). Our "desire to conquer or exploit the natural environment, the focus on materialism and consumption, and the belief in the nation's inherent superiority" (Banks & Banks, 2013, p. 8) began. The core of education also thrives on superiority and inferiority. -
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20th Century
Movements that changed our educational atmosphere -
Rebellion at Stonewall Inn
Here's the full story.
The "modern gay movement usually dates as beginning to a rebellion of bar patrons at the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village, New York" (Banks & Banks, 2013, p. 163). LGBTQ people fought against police brutality that was directed at them based on their sexual or gender orientations. At the time, homosexuality was still considered a psychological disorder. -
Title IX Amendment
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For a long time, women were considered to be only wives or mothers; education was seen as wasteful for women and they were not educated formally until the 1850s (thanks to women like Harriet Beecher Stowe). In 1972, Title IX allowed women to "see significant progress toward gaining access to educational programs" (Banks & Banks, 2013, p. 109). Title IX did not solve gender inequality, but it was a start. -
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The Future
Where will we go from here? -
ELL and Immigration
Current ELL Data
According to Banks & Banks (2013), "many demographers predict that by 2025, approximately 20 to 25 percent of immigrant students enrolled in public schools will have limited proficiency in English" (p. 219). This event is significant because it reminds us that our work in multicultural education is ever-evolving and a work-in-progress.
