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7000 BCE
Lithuania, Kernavė
About 35 km north-west of Vilnius (Eastern Lithuania).There is evidence of ancient land use from the late Palaeolithic Period. Called by archeologists:"Troy of Lithuania" . Possible site of Mindaugas’ (the only Lithuanian King) capital, Voruta.
First mentioned in historic sources in 1279 as Capital of the grand duke Traidenis.
In 1390 was burned by the Teutonic knights.
It wasn‘t rebuilt.
On UNESCO World Heritage list. -
2000 BCE
Greece, Creta: The palace of Knossos
Knossos is the site of the most important and better known palace of Minoan civilization.The palace is the largest of the preserved Minoan palatial centres.
Four wings are arranged around a central courtyard, containing the royal quarters, workshops, shrines, storerooms, repositories, the throne room and banquet halls. Dated to 2000-1350 B.C [http://odysseus.culture.gr/h/3/eh352.jsp?obj_id=2369] -
1350 BCE
Greece, Archaeological site of Mycenae
The archaeological site of Mycenae comprises the fortified acropolis and surrounding funerary and habitation sites.
It is the most important and richest palatial centre of the Late Bronze Age in Greece.
Most of the visible monuments date to the centre's great floruit, from 1350 to 1200 BC.
(http://odysseus.culture.gr/h/3/eh351.jsp?obj_id=2573) -
1200 BCE
Bulgaria, Perperikon, Перперикон
The ancient Thracian city was a sacred place. It is the largest megalith (=consisting of rock(s) hewn in definite shapes for special purposes) ensemble in the Balkans.Human activity in the area dates back to 5000 B.C.Ceramics found on the place date from the Early Iron Age, as well as the impressive round altar, almost 2 m in diameter,hewn out of the rocks. A giant palace and an imposing fortress built around date from the time of the Roman Empire.A church, ( 5th c.) was also excavated. -
738 BCE
Poland, Biskupin
Biskupin is an Iron Age fortified settlement (Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship). The settlement had approx. 106 houses, measuring on average of approx. 8 × 10 .It was probably founded about 738 BC on the island of Biskupińskie lake.Nowdays, it is an archaeological open-air museum and a life-size model of an Iron Age fortified settlement. -
438 BCE
Greece, Acropolis of Athens
The sacred rock was dedicated to the goddess Athena.
Through the Propylaia one enters the sanctuary proper with its great masterpieces of ancient Greek architecture built primarily in the fifth (5th) century BC under PeriΚles.
http://odysseus.culture.gr/h/3/eh351.jsp?obj_id=2384 -
390 BCE
Bulgaria, Tomb Thracian of Kazanlak (Казанлъшка гробница, Kazanlǎška grobnica)
It is a vaulted-brickwork "beehive" (tholos) tomb near the town of Kazanlak in central Bulgaria. It is part of a large Thracian necropolis. It comprises a narrow corridor and a round burial chamber, both decorated with murals representing a Thracian couple at a ritual funeral feast. The monument dates back to the 4th century BCE and has been on the UNESCO protected World Heritage Site list . The paintings are Bulgaria's best-preserved artistic masterpieces from the Hellenistic period. -
330 BCE
Greece, The theater of Epidaurus
Among all the ancient theatres, Epidaurus theatre is the most beautiful and best preserved. It had a capacity of 13.000 spectators. -
300 BCE
Bulgaria,Tomb of Seuthes III,Голяма Косматка,Golyama Kosmatca
It is a grave of King Seuthes lll, located near Kazanlak. Seuthes III was the King of the Odrysian Kingdom of Thrace from ca. 331 BC to ca. 300 BC.The tomb was originally a monumental temple at Golyama Kosmatka Mound, built in the second half of the Fifth Century B.C. After extended use as a temple, at the later part of the Third Century B.C., Seuthes lll was buried inside. The sarcophagus-chamber contained personal belongings among them many golden. -
60 BCE
Turkey, Mount Nemrut,Nemrut Dağı
The colossal stone heads at the top of 2150 meters high Mount Nemrut National Park are one of Turkey’s most famous sites.
The statues of Greek and Persian gods were thirty-three foot tall and formed part of the tomb and temple complex built by Antiochus I ( 69–34 BC), who reigned over the Commagene kingdom.UNESCO has inscribed Mount Nemrut on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1987 and called the site the 8th Wonder of the World.
http://nationalparksofturkey.com/mount-nemrut-national-park/ -
45
Bulgaria, Novae
Novae is an archaeological site situated on the Danube in northern Bulgaria, about 4 kilometres east of the modern town Svishtov. It was a legionary base and late Roman town in the Roman province Moesia Inferior, later Moesia II. -
155
Turkey, Theater of Aspendos
Aspendos Theater is one of the largest ancient buildings in Anatolia, and probably the best preserved theater of antiquity. The theatre was built in 155 by the Greek architect Zenon, a native of the city during the reign of Marcus Aurelius. It was periodically repaired by the Seljuqs, who used it as a caravansaray, and in the 13th century the stage building was converted into a palace by the Seljuqs of Rum.Nowadays, Aspendos Opera and Ballet Festival offers frequently spectacles. -
400
Turkey, Church of St. Peter, Senpiyer Kilisesi, near Antakya (Antioch).
The oldest surviving parts of the church date from at least the 4th or 5th century.This cave is widely believed to have been dug by the Apostle Peterhimself as a place for the early Christian community of Antioch to meet, and thus to be the very first Christian church.Whether or not this is so, St. Peter (and St. Paul) did preach in Antioch around 50 AD.The facade of the church originally built ca. 1100 by Crusaders, was rebuilt in the 19th century. -
537
Turkey, Aya Sofya, Hagia Sophia, "Holy Wisdom"
Hagia Sophia was a christian orthodox church (cathedral) built in the architectural type of the domed basilica by the emperor Justinian the 537 in the capital of Byzantium, Constantinople (Istanbul). The individuality of the monument lies in its original architectural design, which creates an immense building while still preserving harmony and balance in its mass. After the conquest of the Empire by the Ottomans it was converted to a mosque (1453-1931). From 1935 to a museum. -
Dec 24, 700
Bulgaria, Madara Horseman (Мадарски конник, Madarski konnik)
It is an early medieval large rock relief carved on the Madara Plateau east of Shumen in northeastern Bulgaria, near the village of Madara.The monument is dated in the very late 7th or more often very early 8th century, during the reign of Bulgar Khan Tervel.In 1979 was enlisted on the UNESCO World Heritage List. -
Jan 1, 945
Greece, Monastery of Hossios Loukas
The smaller church, dedicated to the Theotocos (Virgin Mary) , was built in the 10th century.
The catholicon(the main church) is the earliest preserved specimen of the octagonal cross-in-square type of church, built in the first half of the 11th century.
The mosaics of catholikon represent the more severe and abstracted style of the Middle Byzantine decorative art and date from the first half of the 11th century.
http://odysseus.culture.gr/h/2/eh251.jsp?obj_id=1042 -
Dec 24, 966
Poland, Ostrów Lednicki Island
During the reign of the first ruler of the Polish state, Mieszko I
and Bolesław Chrobry, it was as one of the main defensive and administrative centers of the kingdom. The ruined castle and the church were constructed during Mieszko I's reign, just before the year 966 (Christening of Poland). -
Dec 24, 1185
Bulgaria, Tsarevets (fortress).
It served as the Second Bulgarian Empire's primary fortress and strongest bulwark from 1185 to 1393, housing the royal and the patriarchal palaces, and is a popular tourist attraction.In 1393 was conquered by Ottomans and burnt down. The castle complex is located in the centre. The restoration of the fortress began in 1930 and was completed in 1981 in honour of the 1300 anniversary from the establishment of the Bulgarian state. -
Dec 24, 1274
Poland,Castle in Malbork
Gothic castle in Malbork was built by the Teutonic Knights in the years 1274-1457. Is one of the largest medieval fortresses in Europe and an example of medieval military architecture.In the years 1309-1457 the castle was the seat of the Teutonic Knights.The castle has an area of 250 000 cubic meters.
Its construction lasted until 30 years. -
Dec 24, 1296
Poland, Wawel Royal Castle
It is situated In the centre of Krakow upon the Vistula River.It was a defense and residency castle in Krakow and the seat
of Polish kings from 1296 to 1795.For centuries The castle was repeatedly expanded and renewed. -
Dec 24, 1409
Lithuania, Trakai Island Castle (Traku salos pilis)
Situated on an island 28 km west of Vilnius.Started in the 14th c. by Kestutis, the Grand Duke of Trakai. Devastated by the Teutonic Knights in 1377, it was completed around 1409 by Kestutis‘ son of Vytautas the Great. Disrepair after the Battle of Grunwald (1410):transformed into a residence, the Ducal Palace.Reconstructed in 19 -20 centuries. -
Dec 24, 1419
Lithuania, The Cathedral of Vilnius
Dedicated to St. Stanislav and St. Vladislav. Possible site of the Baltic pagan god Perkunas, the Lithunian King Mindaugas ordered to build it in 1251. In 1387, a Gothic cathedral with five chapels was built. After the fire, 1419, a larger was built ( walls, pillars survived to this day)
Reconstruction and completion were made during 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th c. .During the soviet regime warenhouse. Masses again started 1985. In 1989, its status as a cathedral was restored. -
TurKey, Sultan Ahmet Mosque,Sultanahmet Camii, Blue Mosque.
It was built between 1609 and 1616 years, during the rule of Ahmed I in Istanbul. The mosque is known as the Blue Mosque because of blue tiles surrounding the walls of interior design.Just like many other mosques, it also comprises a tomb of the founder, a madrasa and a hospice.Besides still used as a mosque, the Sultan Ahmed Mosque has also become a popular tourist attraction in Istanbul. -
Bulgaria, Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, SofiaХрам-паметник „Свети Александър Невски“, Hram-pametnik „Sveti Aleksandar Nevski“
The Alexander Nevsky Cathedral is a cross-domed basilica. Its construction started in 1882, but most of it was built between 1904 and 1912 .Saint Alexander Nevsky was a Russian prince. The cathedral was created in honour to the Russian soldiers who died during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878, as a result of which Bulgaria was liberated from Ottoman rule.It serves as the cathedral church and it is one of the largest Eastern Orthodox cathedrals in the world.
