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First school of Special Education
The Connecticut Asylum for the Education and Instruction of Deaf and Dumb Persons United States and it opened in Harford, Connecticut. "Dumb," was used back then for someone who is mute, unable to speak. The school was founded by Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet. -
Spanish Braille Code Standardized for blind students
The adoption of this code enabled students to access written materials and participate in the activities with their sighted peers. This code provided a way for students who used Spanish as their primary language. -
Brown v. Board of Education
The U.S Supreme Court declared that separating children in public schools based on race was unconstitutional. This ruling marked the end of segregation in schools in the U.S. It overturned the separate but equal doctrine established by Plessy v. Ferguson. https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/brown-v-board-of-education -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This Act was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson. This law was to provide all students to have equal access to education, even the ones with low-income families. The goal of this law is to improve educational quality, provides equal access to education, supports students with disabilities, support students who don't speak English, and low income college students. -
Mills v. Board of Education of District of Columbia
The District court determined that the law was unconstitutional and the state must ensure children with disabilities are provided with a free education that is appropriate for their needs. "no child could be denied a public education." This ruling required the state to make sure that not only do they get free education but also suited to their requirements https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/mills-v-board-education-district-columbia-1972 -
Section 504 of Rehabilitation Act
The first federal civil rights law to protect the rights of individuals with disabilities and activities that receive federal financial assistance. This act is for both children and adults. This protects the right of people with visible and non apparent disabilities.
LESSON VIDEO:
https://study.com/academy/lesson/video/rehabilitation-act-section-504-accommodations-regulations.html -
The American with Disabilities Act
This act prohibits discriminations of disabilities in state and local governments, and various areas including education and public accommodations. It provides protection to Americans that are physically or mentally impaired. This act even requires schools to make physical changes to the building to make them more accessible. For example, elevators, ramps, and parking. Schools are also required to make changes to their practices and policies to ensure their is no discrimination. -
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
American Legislation that ensures students with a disability are provided Free Appropriate Education. This act was previously known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act in 1975. -
No Child Left Behind Act
This was a U.S Act of congress promoted by George W. Bush and it emphasizes accountability and standardized testing. Meaning, students with disabilities will participate in state testing. The goal of this act is to ensure that all students, even the ones with disabilities achieve academic progress. -
Schaffer v. Weast
This case addressed the burden of administrative challenging a hearing about an Individualized Education Program (IEP), Whether it's the student or the school, the person has to show proof as to why it should be changed. -
The Every Student Succeeds Act
This Law was signed by President Barrack Obama. This law governs the U.S K-12 public education and it replaced and modified but did not eliminate the No Child Left Behind Act. This Act provides equity by ensuring protections for America's High-Need kids.