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476
The fall of the Roman Empire
The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 was the event that marked the end of Antiquity and the beginning of the Middle Ages in Europe, a period of major social, cultural, and political change that lasted several centuries. -
Period: 476 to 1000
High middle ages
It was from 476 to the year 1000 (from the 5th to the 10th century). The Germanic peoples occupied the Western Roman Empire because they had to abandon their lands as a result of the cooling of the fifth century.
Islam was born and spread throughout the eastern and southern Mediterranean. -
Period: 476 to 1492
Middle age period
It is the historical period of Western civilization between the fifth and fifteenth centuries. -
620
Muhammad and islam
Muhammad began preaching Islam in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, and developed the major teachings and practices of the religion. -
Period: 1000 to 1300
Middle Ages- Low
Period of change with the emergence of the first universities, the expansion of the economy and cities, and the Catholic Church having great power and influence. -
Period: 1073 to 1085
The Gregorian Reform
The Gregorian Reform of the 11th century, which sought to limit the political power of the bishops and increase the authority of the papacy in the Catholic Church, was a key event in the development of religious power in Europe. -
1140
Gothic architecture
Gothic architecture is an architectural style that developed in Western Europe during the Middle Ages, specifically in the period between the 12th and 15th centuries. This style is characterized by its emphasis on height, light and many details. -
Period: 1300 to 1453
Late Middle Ages
It was characterized by the economic, social and political crisis that affected Europe, including events such as the Hundred Years War and the Black Death. -
Period: 1347 to 1351
The Black Death
The Black Death, also known as the Pestilence or Great Mortality, was the deadliest pandemic in recorded human history, resulting in the deaths of up to 200 million people, from Eurasia to North Africa, and reaching its peak in Europe from 1347 to 1351. -
1440
Invention of the printing press
Johannes Gutenberg, in 1450 with the invention of the printing press, a system that would transform the spread of knowledge in Europe. -
1453
The fall of Constantinople
It had a number of significant consequences in world history, including the end of the Byzantine Empire, the expansion of the Ottoman Empire, and the flight of Byzantine intellectuals and artists to other parts of the world. -
1453
End of the 100 years war
Actually it lasted longer (1337-1453), it was a long struggle between England and France for the succession to the French throne.
France achieved victory over England and regained control of her territory. the war had an impact on the development of art and culture. -
Period: 1453 to 1521
Pre-Renaissance
Pre-Renaissance was a period of intense cultural and artistic activity in Italy, laying the foundations for the subsequent Renaissance and marking a transition between the Middle Ages and the Modern Age. -
1485
Botticelli's The Birth of Venus
The Birth of Venus is a famous painting by the Italian artist Sandro Botticelli, created in the 15th century during the Italian Renaissance. The work shows Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty, emerging from the waters in a sea shell, surrounded by nymphs and mythological characters. -
1492
The discovery of America
The discovery of America in 1492 by Christopher Columbus and the exploration and colonization of America by Europeans beginning in the 16th century had a significant impact on the economic and cultural development of Europe. -
1501
Michelangelo's David
It is a famous 5.17 meter high carrara marble sculpture, depicting the Biblical character David, which was created by the Renaissance artist Michelangelo between 1501 and 1504. The sculpture is located in the Accademia Gallery in Florence, Italy. -
1503
The Gioconda
La Mona Lisa is considered one of the most important works of Leonardo da Vinci and of the Italian Renaissance, and is a world-renowned cultural and artistic icon. -
1508
Vault of the Sistine Chapel
Commissioned by Pope Julius II, Michelangelo decorated the vault of the chapel, all the frescoes on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel are the work of this great artist who took four years to finish the work, from 1508 to 1512, -
1509
School of athens
The School of Athens is a famous fresco painting created by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael Sanzio, between 1509 and 1511, as part of the decoration of the Vatican in Rome. -
Oct 31, 1517
Start of reform
The German theologian and priest Martin Luther nailed his 95 theses on the door of the Wittenberg castle church, in which he strongly criticized the sale of indulgences and other practices of the Catholic Church of the time. It marked the beginning of the Protestant Reformation, which led to the creation of different Protestant denominations. The Reformation impact on the history and culture of the West, is considered one of the most important events of the Modern Age -
1521
First translation of the Bible from Latin into German
Martin Luther translated the New Testament into German in the record time of ten days. -
Period: 1521 to
Renaissance
Beginning in Italy in the 15th century, it was a cultural and artistic movement characterized by a renewed interest in classical Greco-Roman culture, reason and humanism, and had a great impact on literature, music, architecture and science. -
1569
First translation of the Bible into Spanish.
Cipriano de Valera was a Spanish religious who stands out for translating the Bible into Spanish, based on the original texts in Hebrew and Greek. first published in 1569
