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3300 BCE
Sumerians Began to Farm the Fertile Crescent
Sumerians started farming southern Mesopotamia despite its environmental challenges. Eventually, they come up with solutions for the challenges, such as building irrigation ditches and walls and trading for materials. -
3300 BCE
Sumer's Government
Sumer's early government was run by priests and some military leaders -
Period: 3300 BCE to 2350 BCE
Sumerian Dynasty
Sumerians farmed land in southern Mesopotamia and then later built a civilization with cities around themselves. Sumer had advanced cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keepers, and advanced technology along with social classes. -
Period: 3300 BCE to 2350 BCE
Sumerian Inventions
Invented wheels, sails, and plows. developed arches, and ramps. Studied astronomy, chemistry, and medicine. And made advances in arithmetic and geometry. -
Period: 3300 BCE to 2350 BCE
Sumerian Religion
Sumerians believed in many gods who are thought to be like humans except humans are the servants and they believed that the afterlife was bleak. -
3000 BCE
The Sumerian City of Ur
Had a population of 30,000 and had a popular social class such as priests, priestesses, rulers, artisans, etc. Food surpluses helped lead the economy. The city was filled with small houses squeezed together and had an important ziggurat for rituals. People bartered instead of paying for goods and services with money, the scribes kept records of transactions. -
3000 BCE
Sumerian City-States
Sumerians built cities surrounded by fields. Some of the cities of Sumer were Uruk, Lagash, Umma, Ur, etc. -
Period: 3000 BCE to 2000 BCE
Sumerian City-States at Constant War
They were at war with eachother -
2500 BCE
Cultural Diffusion
More cities were forming in the fertile crescent and Sumerians and the new cities shared ideas and products -
2500 BCE
Sumer's Goverment
From now on dynasties rule the government -
2350 BCE
Sumer Loses Control
Sargon from Akkad beats Sumer's city-states and begins his dynasty. -
Period: 2350 BCE to 2150 BCE
Sargon's Dynasty
Sargon was from Akkad, a Sumerian city-state. He overpowered all the other city-states and his dynasty ruled for 200 years until it ended due to fighting, famine, and invasions. -
Period: 2300 BCE to 1750 BCE
Old Babylonian Empire
Founded by the Akkadians and became a huge empire until Hammurabi died and then Babylonia became a small kingdom for a while -
2000 BCE
Amorites make Babylonian the Capital
Babylonian is at the Euphrates River -
Period: 2000 BCE to 1550 BCE
Amorite Rule
Amorites invaded Mesopotamia and made their capital Babylonian which is on the Euphrates river. -
Period: 1792 BCE to 1750 BCE
Hammurabi's Rule
During Hammurabi's rule, the Babylonian Empire was at its peak. -
1772 BCE
Hammurabi's Code
He made 282 laws for the empire to follow and the punishments if not followed were different based on gender and social class. The goal of the laws was for the government to take responsibility and provide justice. -
1750 BCE
The End of Sumer
The Elamites and Amorites conquered Sumer's last city, Ur. This was the end of Sumerian culture. -
Period: 1365 BCE to 800 BCE
Assyrian Empire
This rose under the control of Assur-uballit. -
Period: 1365 BCE to 800 BCE
Assyrian Inventions
Iron weapons -
1220 BCE
Babylonian Empire is Seized
The Assyrian leader wanted to control all of Mesopotamia and so he seized Babylon and continued to expand over time through modern Palestine and Syria -
884 BCE
Assyrian's Makes a New Capital
Their previous capital was Assur. The new capital was Nimrud -
Period: 626 BCE to 539 BCE
New Babylonian Empire
This was again, a short empire but it was a strong one. They built beautiful buildings and kept statues and art from the old Babylonian Empire. -
539 BCE
The Fall of Babylon (Again)
Babylon was conquered by a Persian king and he took control which marked the end of the Babylonian Empire.