Mediterranean Society: the Greek Phase

By cameron012402
  • Period: 2200 BCE to 1100

    The Minoan Society

    The Minoan society was named after, Minos, a king of Crete. The inhabitants of the society built enormous palaces, which became the nerve centers of the Minoan society. Between the years, 2200 and 1450 B.C.E., Crete was a principal center of the Mediterranean commerce. After 1700 B.C.E. the Minoan society experienced many natural disasters. The wealth of the Minoan society attracted invaders, and by 1100 B.C.E. Crete had fallen under foreign domination.
  • Period: 1600 BCE to 1100

    Mycenaean Society

    The Mycenaean society is named after, Mycenae, one of their most important settlements. From 1500 to 1100 B.C.E., the Mycenaeans expanded their influence beyond peninsular Greece. Around the time 1200 B.C.E., the Mycenaeans had a conflict with the city of Troy in Anatolia. Invasions and civil disturbances made it impossible to maintain a stable government or to produce an agricultural society.
  • Period: 800 BCE to 338 BCE

    Era of Greek polis

    A polis is a city-state. The word polis originally referred to a forfeited sight that people used as refuge for emergencies. Around the time 800 B.C.E., a lot of the poleis had become city-states that served as principal centers of the Greek society.
  • 600 BCE

    Life of Sappho

    Sappho was a poet who composed nine volumes of poetry. She was one of the few women who earned a reputation for her literary talent. Critics charged her with homosexuality activity, and some of her surviving verses reflect her attraction to women. Greeks tolerated relationships between men, but frowned on female homosexuality. So, Sappho fell under a moral cloud and only fragments of her poetry survives.
  • Period: 500 BCE to 479 BCE

    Persian Wars

    The conflict between the Greek peninsula and the Persian Empire (500-479 B.C.E.). In 490 B.C.E., Darius sent an army and a fleet of ships to attack Athens, because the Athenians sent a fleet of ships to help the Ionians, in the Ionian rebellion. A decade later, Xerxes, decided to avenge the Persian losses. The Greeks were able to gain their independence The Greeks and the Persians continued to argue for more than a century, but their conflict did not expand into a full scale war.
  • 490 BCE

    Darius's invasion of Greece

    Took place when Persia invaded Greece
  • 480 BCE

    Xerxes' invasion of Greece

    Darius's successor, Xerxes, decided to avenge the Persian losses. The Greeks won. Greeks and Persians continued to argue, but their conflict didn't expand into a full out war.
  • Period: 470 BCE to 399 BCE

    Life of Socrates

    Socrates was an Athenian man, who was a pivotal figure in the development of philosophy. He suggested that people could lead honest ives with honor, instead of focusing on fame, fortune, and superficial attributes. He encouraged focusing on the goals and purposes of live. He said, “The unexamined life is not worth living. He was condemned to die, because some people believed he encouraged immorality and corrupted the youth. In 399 B.C.E., he drank tree sap and died in the company of his friends
  • Period: 443 BCE to 429 BCE

    Pericles' leadership in Athens

    Pericles was the most popular Athenian leader from 461 B.C.E. until his death. Under the leadership of Pericles, Athens became the most sophisticated of the poleis.
  • Period: 431 BCE to 404 BCE

    Peloponnesian War

    The Peloponnesian war was a war fought by the Delian League, which was led by the Athenians, against the Peloponnesian League, which was led by the Spartans.
  • Period: 430 BCE to 347 BCE

    Life of Plato

    Plato was Socrates disciple. Socrates’ influence survived in the works of him and his disciple Aristotle. Plato gradually formed his thoughts into a systematic vision of the world and human society. Plato created a theory of Forms or Ideas. He believed that the world that we live in was not the world of genuine reality, but an imperfect reflection of the world of Forms or Ideas. Only by entering the world of Forms or Ideas was it possible to understand the true nature of virtue.
  • Period: 384 BCE to 322 BCE

    Life of Aristotle

    At first, Aristotle was a disciple of Plato, but he came to disagree with Plato’s theory of Forms and Ideas. He considered it to be an artificial intellectual construct, unnecessary for understanding the world and how it works. Aristotle believed that philosophers could rely on their senses to provide information. Aristotle wrote on biology, astronomy, physics, psychology, politics, ethics, and metaphysical works. Christian philosophers called him, “the master of those who knew”.
  • Period: 359 BCE to 336 BCE

    Reign of Philip II of Macedon

    King Philip II made himself ruler of Macedon by building a powerful military machine that made it possible for him to overcome the traditional clans. He also brought Greece under his control, and after he died he left the invasion of Persia for his son, Alexander III of Macedon.
  • Period: 336 BCE to 323 BCE

    Reign of Alexander of Macedon

    Alexander was the successor of Philip II of Macedon. He and his troops conquered the Persian empire. Alexander was a great conqueror, but he did not live long enough to establish a genuine state realm or to develop a system of government.