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Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE
Early Beginnings
-
3900 BCE
Diseases Caused by?
-Evil Spirits -
3600 BCE
Treatment for the sick
-Perform ceremonies to remove evil spirits -
3100 BCE
Medicines used today
-Digitalis treats heart conditions
-Quinine controls fevers, relieves muscles spasms, and prevents malaria
-Belladonna and atropine relieve muscles spasms
-Morphine is to treat severe pain -
Period: 2999 BCE to 399
Ancient Times
-
2900 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
-The Egyptians were the first to use health records. Priests acted as physicians
-The used medicines, splinted fractures and used leeches for bloodletting. -
1900 BCE
Ancient Chinese
-Treated illnesses and diseases with stone tools, their methods developed and are used today -
900 BCE
Ancient Greeks
-First to discover that the cause of disease may be natural and not spiritual
-Religious custom didn’t allow body’s to be dissected.
-Hippocrates wrote the standard of ethics called to Oath of Hippocrates -
100
Ancient Romans
-Brought clean water through aqueducts
-First to organize medical care
-Romans physicians kept a room in their house for the ill -
Period: 400 to 800
Dark Age
-
500
Stopped the study of Medicine, why?
-Roman empire was conquered by the Huns -
700
How do they treat diseases?
-Primary treatment was prayer -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle Age
-
1100
Epidemics
-Many epidemics caused millions of deaths
-Scientists discovered vaccines to control diseases -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
-
1450
Rebirth
-Building of university’s and medical schools for research
-Acceptance of dissecting
-Development of printing press and publishing books allowed greater access to knowledge from research -
Period: 1501 to
16th and 17th Centuries
-
1515
Leonardo da Vinci
-Studied and recorded the anatomy of the body -
1550
Gabriele Fallopius
-Discovered fallopian tubes of female anatomy -
1563
Bartolommeo Eustachio
-Discovered the Eustachian tube -
William Harvey
-Understood physiology
-Describe circulation of blood and pumping of the heart -
Antonie Von Leeuwenhoek
-Invented the microscope
-Found bacteria that causes tooth decay -
Apothecaries
-Early pharmacist
-Drug and spices trade -
Period: to
18th Century
-
Benjamin Franklin
-Discovered Bifocals
-Found that colds could be passed on from person to person -
Medical students learning
-Wider range of students studying medicine
-New way to teach -
Joseph Priestley
-Discovered oxygen
-Observed that plants refresh air -
Edward Jenner
-Discovered vaccine for Smallpox -
Rene Laennec
-Invented the stethoscope -
Period: to
19th and 20th Centuries
-
Ignaz Semmelweis
-Identified the cause of childbed fever(puerperal fever) -
Florence Nightingale
-Wanted effective training for nurses -
Louis Pasteur
-Father of Microbiology
-Microorganisms are everywhere and cause diseases -
Dimitri Ivanovski
-Discovery of viruses -
Joseph Lister
-First doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery -
Ernst von Bergmann
-Developed asepsis -
Robert Koch
-Discover many disease causing organisms
-Introduced importance of cleanliness and sanitation to prevent disease -
Paul Ehrlich
-Discovered the effect of medicine on disease causing microorganisms -
Wilhelm Roentgen
-Discovered X-rays -
Anesthesia
-Have the ability to put people into a deep sleep during surgery -
Sir Alexander Fleming
-Found penicillin that killed lie threatening bacteria
-Penicillin is known of one the most important discoveries of the 20th century -
Sigmund Freud
-Discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind -
Gerhard Domagk
-Discovered sulfonamide compounds -
Jonas Salk
-Discovered that a dead pop lo virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis -
Albert Sabin
-Used live polo virus -
Francis Crick and James Watson
-Discoveded molecular structure of DNA -
Christian Barnard
-Performed first successful heart transplant -
Ben Carson
-Separates Siamese twins
-Performs surgery’s on brain to stop seizures -
Period: to
21st Century
-
1st Advancement
Telemedicine -
2nd Advancement
-The Possibility of eliminating disease through genetic research -
3rd Advancement
-Ability to transplant organs from donor to recipient -
4th Advancement
-Ability to reattach severed body parts -
5th Advancement
-Use of handheld computers aid in diagnosis, accurate record keeping, and research