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Birth Date
Marie Curie was born on November 7th, 1867 in Warsaw, Poland. Curie was born to math and physics teachers. "Madame" Curie was the youngest of five children. Marie Curie would later become a renown physicist and Nobel Prize winner.
Source: (NobelPrize.org 1) -
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Marie Curie's Life Achievements
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Education
From 1893 to 1895, Marie Curie spent her time in school, earning degrees. By 1893, she had a master's degree in physics. Later, after continued studying, Curie earned her master's degree in mathematics. These degrees gave her enough credibility to get her first job and her own lab to work and study in.
Source: (Rubin 25) -
Marie and Pierre Curie
On July 26th, 1895, Marie marries Pierre Curie. They met after Marie needed a lab to work in and a friend introduced the pair. Soon, they were married and doing research together. Marie Curie would study the elements and radioactivity while Pierre would help in the research or work to provide funding for his other half. Their marriage is important because, together, they found two elements and won a Nobel Prize.
Source: (BBC.co.uk 1) -
Birth of Iréne Curie
On September 12th, 1897, Marie Curie had a daughter. She was named Iréne Curie. This was her first child out of two, born in Paris, France. She is very significant and won the Nobel Prize winner in 1935 (1 year after her mother's death).
Sources: (Rubin 27) and (NobelPrize.org 1) -
Scientific Discoveries
In 1898, Marie and Pierre Curie discovered two elements. After a few years of research, the pair found a radioactive element. Curie named the element polonium, after her home country of Poland. Also, by accident, the Curies found another trace of radioactivity. This became the element known as radium, which is ten times more radioactive than polonium. These elements are the most important discoveries of the Curies' scientific careers and led to their first Nobel Prize.
Source: (Biography.com 1) -
Radium and Radioactivity Research
In 1902, Marie Curie and her husband announced that they had completely isolated a decigram of radium. Radium was ten times more radioactive than their other discovery, polonium. On the periodic table it is element number 88 and has the symbol Ra. This event was extremely important for the Curies who won their first Nobel Prize because of their discovery. Also, the Curie's used radium in order to conduct experiments on radioactivity.
Source: (Biography.com 1) -
First Nobel Prize
In 1903, all of the Curie's hard work and research in radioactivity and their element discoveries payed off. The pair won the Nobel Prize with Henri Becquerel, a fellow radioactivity researcher, in physics. This event gave the Curie's money for more researching in radioactivity and was the major start to their fame in science.
Source: (Encyclopedia Britannica 1) -
First Official MLB World Series
In 1903, the first official World Series was held between the Boston Americans, future Boston Red Sox, and St. Louis Cardinals. The Americans won in eight games, and became the first official world champion of baseball. Currently, the Boston Red Sox are fourth in wins, tied with the San Francisco Giants at eight wins. This series set up the regular playoff traditions for baseball today as the World Series continues to be one of the most watched championships.
Source: (Baseball-Reference.com 1) -
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World Events
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Second Nobel Prize
Once again, in 1911, Marie "Madame" Curie won the Nobel Prize. This time, she was alone. Pierre was killed in an accident in 1906 and was mentioned in his wife's speech for his help. "Madame" Curie's Nobel Prize in 1911 was in chemistry. It gave her more money and made her renown in the scientific community.
Source: (Encyclopedia Britannica 1) -
World War I
On July 28th, 1914, one of the most deadly wars in history started. "Madame" Curie was initially from Poland before moving to Paris, France in 1891. Now, Marie Curie wanted to devote herself to France, especially since the government needed money for war funds. She donated much of the leftover Nobel Prize money to the French government. Later, she makes portable X-rays for the French military hospitals. These X-rays are still used today, in different designs.
Source: (Biography.com 1) -
U.S. Enters WWI
In 1917, the United States of America entered into World War I. At first the United States was going to stay neutral in the war. But, Germany attacked U.S. ships until President Wilson finally declared war. The United States sent troops, supplies, and money to the Allies. The war ended with a treaty on November 11th, 1918. The war made America expand it's army and led to World War II.
Source: (World History: Patterns of Interaction 738-739) -
Gandhi and India's Independence Movement
In 1919, Gandhi became the leader of the independence movement in India. He was born in 1869 and was most known for his non-violent resistance against Great Britain. Gandhi was arrested several times but did influence many to resist against Britain. He died in 1948 after being shot to death. In his lifetime, Gandhi helped India gain it's independence from Great Britain in 1947.
Source: (World History: Patterns of Interaction) -
Russia Becomes USSR
In December of 1922, Vladimir Lenin turned Russia into the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Lenin and his political party also changed their name to the Communist Party. Moscow was established as the capital to all of Lenin's self-governing republics. This event led to Joseph Stalin's rise to power and the Cold War.
Source: (World History: Patterns of Culture 774) -
Charles Lindbergh
On May 20th, 1927, Charles Lindbergh flew across the Atlantic Ocean. He wasn't the first to cross the ocean but was the first to do it solo and never stop. The flight was 3,610 miles long and took him about 34 hours to complete. He started in New York and landed in Paris, France. Lindbergh changed people's minds about air travel and helped lead to the further usage of it in the future.
Source: (World History: Patterns of Interaction 738-739) -
Adolf Hitler Becomes Chancellor
In 1933, Adolf Hitler became the Chancellor of Germany. He was associated with the Nazi Party and was the biggest and most important political leader of Germany. Later, Hitler eliminated his political enemies and became a dictator. The result of this was the Holocaust and World War II.
Source: (World History: Patterns of Culture 738-739) -
Death Date
Marie "Madame" Curie died on July 4th, 1934 due to prolonged exposure to her discoveries and radioactivity. She was 66 and had two children, one of which one the Nobel Prize the next year. Marie and Pierre Curie are in the Panthéon as of 1995. In the two scientists' honor, there are schools and universities in Europe named after them.
Source: (NobelPrize.org 1)
