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1911 Revolution
Uprising in Wu Chang which marks the end of the Qing Dynasty rule and established the Republic of China
Ended 12th February 1912 -
Sun Yat Sen becomes president
He becomes president with the Guomindang/Kuomintang (GMD/KMT)
Three principles of the people:
- Nationalism
- Livelihood and the people's welfare, Socialism
- Representative government, democracy -
CCP Forms
Chinese Communist Party founded by revolutionaries like Li Dazhao and Chen Duxiu -
May 4th Movement
Some 5,000 students marched to Peking University to demonstrate against the Treaty of Versailles, especially after the warlord government made a deal with the Japanese by offering the Germany colonies (Shandong province) in return for financial support. This demonstration sparked national protest and marked the upsurge of Chinese Nationalism.
It also become a catalyst for the formation of the CCP. -
First United Front
Coalition between GMD and CCP to defeat warlordism in China -
Period: to
First United Front
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Death of Sun Yat Sen
Sun Yat Sen dies of cancer and Chiang Kai Sek becomes leader of the KMT who becomes increasingly conservative and dictatorial. The party follow Sun's Three Principles of the People: Nationalism, Democracy and People's Livelihood -
Period: to
Northern Expedition
Military campaign by the KMT that overthrew warlordism and establiahsed a new government in Nanjing.
Halfway through the expedition, Jiang Kai Sek purged the Communists, initiating civil war betweenthe two parties -
Shanghai Massacre
KMT purges the CCP by Chiang-Kai-Shek's military forces -
Mao moves to countryside
After being purged by the KMT, Mao and other communists abandoned their revolutionary activities and fled to the countryside. Here Mao began winning the support from peasants, building a peansant army with guerilla tactics -
Jiangxi Soviet
Chinese Soviet Republic
Established independently by Mao Ze Dong and comrade Zhu De in southern China. He organized and trained the peasants with guerilla tactics. After five military campaigns against the Jiangxi Soviet, Chiang was able to defeat them -
Period: to
Jiangxi Soviet
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Japanese Invades Manchuria
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Period: to
Japanese Invasion of Manchuria
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Long March
10,000km track from southern China, Jiangxi to northern part, Yanan. They were able to sustain from reoccuring attacks from the nationalists. It was during this march that really showcased Mao's ability to lead, which later allowed him to establish his leadership of the CCP.
He was also supported by Zhou En Lai and Zhu De -
Period: to
Long March
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Mao becomes Military Commission
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Xi'an Incident
Chiang Kai Sek was is seized by two of his own generals, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng who opposed to fight the CCP and wanted to focus on fighting the Japanese -
Second United Front
Zhang Xueliang and Yu Hucheng were motivated to save their homeland, they demanded the end of the civil war between the CCP and KMT, establishing the second united front to defeat the Japanese -
Period: to
Xi'an Incident
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Period: to
Second Sino Japanese War
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Mao becomes Chairman
Receives undisputed power -
People's Republic of China Established
