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Period: 3300 BCE to 476
Ancient age
Music dates back to the Ancient Ages, where music probably aroused as monotonous sounds produced by daily activities, and it evolved to be represented with instruments in rituals, as it was believed to have magic properties. -
50
Seikilos Epitaph
The oldest composition that we have found in its entirety. The inscription was found engraved on a pillar placed over the tomb that Seikilos had built for his wife. It was found on an Hellenistic town called Tralles (present-day Turkey). -
Period: 476 to Oct 12, 1492
Middle ages
Most of music in the middle ages was religious and was interpreted in chapels by monks. It was very simple and with variable rithm, but it didn't really matter because the text was more important. -
730
Gregorian chant
The Gregorian Chant consistes of a monodic chant in wich the text was much more important than the melody becauso of its religious theme.
After Guido d'Arrezo's work the partiture began to be written. To the end of the Medieval Ages, it became a thing of the past. -
991
Guido d'Arezzo
Guido d'Arezzo was an Italian music theorist and pedagogue of High medieval music. A Benedictine monk, he is regarded as the inventor of the modern staff notation that had a massive influence on the development of Western musical notation and practice. -
1050
Guido d'Arezzo's Death
He dies at age 59 -
1098
Hildegard von Bingen
Hildegard von Bingen also known as the Sibyl of the Rhine, was a German Benedictine abbess and polymath active as a writer, composer, philosopher, mystic, visionary, and as a medical writer and practitioner during the High Middle Ages. She is one of the best-known composers of sacred monophony, as well as the most recorded in modern history. -
1135
Bernart de Ventadorn
Bernart de Ventadorn was a French poet-composer troubadour of the classical age of troubadour poetry. Generally regarded as the most important troubadour in both poetry and music, Generally regarded as the most important troubadour in both poetry and music. -
1135
Leonin
Leonin was the first known significant composer of polyphonic organum. He was probably French, probably lived and worked in Paris at the Notre-Dame Cathedral and was the earliest member of the Notre Dame school of polyphony and the ars antiqua style who is known by name. -
1155
Perotin
Perotin was a composer associated with the Notre Dame school of polyphony in Paris and the broader ars antiqua musical style of high medieval music. He is credited with developing the polyphonic practices of his predecessor Léonin, with the introduction of three and four-part harmonies. -
Period: 1170 to 1400
Ars Antiqua
Period of time in wich music aquired polophony, but it remained purely religious. Notation indicated the pitch of notes but not the rythm this had to be sung in. -
Sep 17, 1179
Hildegard von Bingen's death
She dies at age 81 -
1194
Bernart de Ventadorn's death
He dies at age 59 -
1201
Leonin's death
Leonin dies at age 66 -
Nov 23, 1221
Alfonso X the Wise
Alfonso X was King of Castile, León and Galicia from 1 June 1252 until his death in 1284. Alfonso X commissioned or co-authored numerous works of music during his reign. These works included Cantigas d'escarnio e maldicer and the vast compilation Cantigas de Santa Maria ("Songs to the Virgin Mary"), which was written in Galician-Portuguese and figures among the most important of his works. -
1230
Perotin dies
He dies at age 75 -
Apr 4, 1284
Alfonso X the Wise dies
He sadly died at age 62 -
1300
Guillaume de Machaut
Guillaume de Machaut was a French composer and poet who was the central figure of the ars nova style in late medieval music. His dominance of the genre is such that modern musicologists use his death to separate the ars nova from the subsequent ars subtilior movement. Regarded as the most significant French composer and poet of the 14th century, he is often seen as the century's leading European composer. -
Period: 1300 to
Renaissance
The Renaissance was a period of time between the middle and modern ages. Although it also involved advancements on other camps, it flowered mostly in arts like music, art and even arquitecture, where works were based on those of Greeks and Romans.
It was mostly influenced by humanist ideas, were the human person was the center of everything.
Music began to be polyphonic and religious music mixed with profane music, which talked about normal people. -
Period: 1310 to 1377
Ars Nova
Developmentes in notation were made; notes not only indicated pitch but also began to indicate rythm.
Secular music began to flourish with several aquired caracteristics only found in sacred music. Overall, ars nova had a greater expressiveness and variety than ars antiqua. -
1335
Francesco Landini
Francesco Landini was an Italian composer, poet, organist, singer and instrument maker who was a central figure of the Trecento style in late Medieval music. One of the most revered composers of the second half of the 14th century, he was by far the most famous composer in Italy. -
Apr 13, 1377
Guillaume de Machaut dies
He dies at age 77 -
Sep 2, 1397
Francesco Landini dies
Francesco Landini passes away at age 62 -
1450
Johanne Gutenberg invents movable-type printing press
Until that moment, all books had to be written by monks in monasteries, and that made them extremley valuable and expensive; a possesion that only a few could afford. But towards 1450, Johanne invented the printing press with movable types, wich allowed to make books far more quickly and made them cheaper. The first printed book was the "42 line Bible", that had 42 lines per page. -
Jul 12, 1468
Juan del Encina
Juan de Fermoselle, better known as Juan del Encina, was a poet, mussician and theatral author from Spain in times of the Catholic Kings. He is remembered as one of the most important profane music-author from the Renaissance in Spain.
As a dramatist, he is considered the father of spanish theater. The start of his career can be traced to Christmas 1492, when he presented before the dukes of Alba two theatrical pieces where some pastors announce the birth of Christ. -
1500
Cristóbal de Morales
He was a Spanish composer of the Renaissance. Almost all of his music is sacred, and all of it is vocal, though instruments may have been used in an accompanying role in performance. Morales was the first Spanish composer of international renown. His works were widely distributed in Europe, and many copies made the journey to the New World. Many music writers and theorists in the hundred years after his death considered his music to be among the most perfect of the time. -
1510
Antonio de Cabezón
Antonio de Cabezón was a musician and a spanish renaissance composer. Blind from childhood, he quickly rose to prominence as a performer and was eventually employed by the royal family. He was among the most important composers of his time and the first major Spanish keyboard composer. -
1517
Martin Luther posts his famous 95 theses
Luther never intended, initially, to challenge the church hierarchy or the pope. Martin Luther's 95 Theses of 1517 were an invitation to discuss policies and practices of the Church he found troublesome and unbiblical. The original document was intended for an ecclesiastical audience, but thanks to the advent of the printing press c. 1440, they spread the theses throughout Germany and on to other nations igniting the Protestant Reformation. -
Feb 2, 1526
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
Giovanni was an Italian composer of late Renaissance music. Primarily known for his masses and motets, Palestrina had a big influence on the development of church and secular music in Europe, especially on the development of counterpoint. -
1529
Juan del Encina dies
He dies at the age of 61 -
1531
Orlando di Lasso
Lassus stands as one of the leading composers of the later Renaissance. Creator of a great quantity of compositions, his music varies considerably in style and genres, which gave him unprecedented popularity throughout Europe. A great story about him is that he was kidnapped around three times due to the sweetness of his voice. -
1533
Andrea Gabrieli
Andrea Gabrieli was an Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance. He was the first internationally renowned member of the Venetian School of composers, and was extremely influential in spreading the Venetian style in Italy as well as in Germany. Gabrieli was a prolific and versatile composer, and wrote a large amount of music, including sacred and secular vocal music. His works include over a hundred motets and madrigals, as well as a smaller number of instrumental works. -
1544
Maddalena Casulana
Maddalena Casulana was a composer, laud interpreter and an Italian singer from the late Renaissance. She was the first female composer that had an entire volume of her own music printed and published.
Extremely little is known about her life, other than what can be inferred from the dedications and writings on her collections of madrigals. -
1548
Tomás Luis de Victoria
Tomás Luis de Victoria was a Roman Catholic priest, chapel master and famous polyphonist composer of the Spanish Renaissance. He is considered one of the most relevant and advanced composers of his time, with an innovative style that heralded the imminent Baroque. His influence reaches the twentieth century, when he was taken as a model by the composers of Cecilianism. He was "admired above all for the intensity of some of his motets". In his life in Rome he may have had encountered Palestrina. -
1553
Cristóbal de Morales dies
He dies at the age of 53. -
Mar 8, 1566
Carlo Gesualdo
Carlo Gesualdo, prince Venosa and count of Conza was an Italian composer and is remembered as one of the most significant figures in music by the end of the Renaissance. The most extended fact about his life was the murder of her first wife and her lover when caught "in fraglante delito". His music is among the most experimental and expressive of the Renaissance, and without question is the most wildly chromatic. -
Mar 26, 1566
Antonio de Cabezón dies
Antonio de Cabezón dies at the age of 56 years. -
May 15, 1567
Claudio Monteverdi
Claudio Monteverdi was an Italian composer, choirmaster and string player. A composer of both secular and sacred music, and a pioneer in the development of opera, he is considered a crucial transitional figure between the Renaissance and Baroque periods of music history. -
1574
Giovanni Gabrieli
Giovanni Gabrieli was a composer and an organist who lived and died in Venice. He was one of the most influential musics of the School of Venice, living all through Renaissance and into Barroque.
Though Gabrieli composed in many of the forms current at the time, he preferred sacred vocal and instrumental music. All of his secular vocal music is relatively early in his career, and later he concentrated on sacred vocal and instrumental music that exploited sonority for maximum effect. -
Andrea Garbriei dies
He dies at the age of 52. -
Maddalena Casulana dies
She dies at the age of 46. -
Giovvani Pierluigi da Palestrina dies
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina dies at the age of 68. -
Orlando di Lasso dies
Orlando di Lasso dies at the age of 62. -
Period: to
Baroque
The art became more refined, with the survival of a certain classicist rationalism, but adopting more dynamic and forms and a taste for the surprising and anecdotal. The style began at the start of the 17th century in Rome, then spread rapidly to the rest of Italy, France, Spain, and Portugal, then to Austria, southern Germany, and Poland. -
Giacomo Carissimi
Giacomo Carissimi was an Italian composer and music teacher. He is one of the most celebrated masters of the early Baroque or, more accurately, the Roman School of music. Carissimi established the characteristic features of the Latin oratorio and was a prolific composer of masses, motets, and cantatas. He was highly influential in musical developments in northern European countries through his pupils, like Kerll in Germany and Charpentier in France, and the wide dissemination of his music. -
Tomás Luis de Victoria dies
Tomás Luis de Victoria dies at the age of 63. -
Giovvani Gabrieli dies
He dies at the age of 55. -
Carlo Gesualdo
He dies at the age of 47. -
Barbara Strozzi
Barbara Strozzi was an Italian composer and singer of the Baroque Period. During her lifetime, Strozzi published eight volumes of her own music, and had more secular music in print than any other composer of the era. This was achieved without support from the Church or consistent patronage from the nobility. -
Monteverdi dies
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Antonio Stradivari
Antonio Stradivari was an Italian violin maker from Cremona, renowned for crafting some of the finest stringed instruments in history. His violins, known as "Strads," are prized for their craftsmanship and sound quality. Stradivari's legacy endures, with his instruments remaining among the most valuable and sought-after in the world. -
Henry Purcell
Henry Purcell was an English composer of Baroque music.
Purcell's musical style was uniquely English, although it incorporated Italian and French elements. Generally considered among the greatest English opera composers, Purcell has been assessed with John Dunstaple and William Byrd as England's most important early music composer. -
Giacomo Carissimi dies
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Barbara Strozzi dies
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Antonio Vivaldi
Antonio Lucio Vivaldi was an Italian composer, violinist and impresario of Baroque music. Along with Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frideric Handel, Vivaldi ranks amongst the greatest Baroque composers and his influence during his lifetime was widespread across Europe, giving origin to many imitators and admirers. He pioneered many developments in orchestration, violin technique and programmatic music. He consolidated the emerging concerto form into a widely accepted and followed idiom. -
Georg Philipp Telemann
Georg Philipp Telemann was a German Baroque composer and multi-instrumentalist. He is one of the most prolific composers in history, at least in terms of surviving oeuvre. Telemann was considered by his contemporaries to be one of the leading German composers of the time, and he was compared favourably both to his friend Johann Sebastian Bach, who made Telemann the godfather and namesake of his son Carl Philipp Emanuel, and to George Frideric Handel, whom Telemann also knew personally. -
Georg Friedrich Händel
Handel was a German-British Baroque composer known for his operas, oratorios, and concertos. After training in Halle and working in Hamburg and Italy, he settled in London in 1712. His music, influenced by both German and Italian traditions, became a pinnacle of the Baroque style, and he is recognized as one of the greatest composers of his time. -
Johann Sebastian Bach
Johann Sebastian Bach was a German Baroque composer known for his vast output, including the Brandenburg Concertos, cello suites, keyboard works like the Goldberg Variations, and choral pieces such as the St Matthew Passion. Regarded as one of the greatest composers in Western music, his influence has endured since the 19th-century Bach Revival. -
Purcell dies
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Stradivarius
A Stradivarius is one of the string instruments, such as violins, violas, cellos, and guitars, crafted by members of the Stradivari family, particularly Antonio Stradivari, in Cremona, Italy, during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. These instruments are known for their craftsmanship, tonal quality, and lasting legacy, and are considered some of the finest ever made. Stradivari's violins, in particular, are coveted by musicians and collectors, with many selling for millions of dollars. -
Antonio Stradivari dies
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Antonio Vivaldi's death
He passed away at age 63 -
Bach dies
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Händel dies
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Telemann dies
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Minecraft is released
The best ever selling game releases -
Spain wins the world cup
