Limited Monarchy in England

Cost of Warfare-later half of 16th century

1550

In the later half of the 16th century, military tactics became much more expensive. To survive the costs, these countries had to build a secure financial base not dependent on the wealth of the Lords to maintain an absolute monarchy. England failed in this respect which is why an absolute monarchy didn't thrive there.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_modern_warfare

The Puritans Leaving England

1620

There was a group of religious dissenters who disagreed with the high literacy aspects of the Anglican church and wished to reform it. Instead of addressing them, James I ignored them and chose to strengthen the Anglican church causing them to leave. This caused religious tensions in England which helped lead to the end of absolute monarchy as the king controlling religion was highly controversial.
The Puritans - FD Millet 1909.jpg

The Militia Ordinance

1624

Once passed this allowed Parliament to raise an army of its own. This led to the English Civil War as Parliament now had armed forces of its own.
The great civil war of the times of Charles I. and Cromwell (1857) (14576032568).jpg

Parliament's Alliance with Scotland

1624

Parliament aligned itself with Scotland which helped them win the war. This caused them to follow a Presbyterian form of government.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Scotland_(1542%E2%80%932003,_navy_blue).svg

Petition of Right

1628

This was a petition made by parliament that gave Charles I more funding if he agreed to their terms: no more forced loans/ taxes without the consent of parliament and no imprisoning people without cause. This allowed Parliament to have more power in England than they had previously.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1625_engraving_of_James_VI_and_I%27s_family,_as_depicted_in_an_engraving_by_James_Webster.jpg

The Execution of Charles I

Jan 30, 1649

Charles I was executed after a trial by a special court. This led to Parliament abolishing the monarchy, the House of Lords, and the Anglican church. This helped create a limited monarchy as for a while in English history there was no monarchy which made way for the idea of a limited one.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Charles_I_(1625).jpg

William and Mary Become the Monarchs

1689

After the Glorious Revolution, when James II fled to France and gave up his throne, William and Mary became the rulers. They agreed to the English Bill of Rights which limited the monarchy's power, therefore making England a limited Monarchy.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Lords_and_Commons_presenting_the_crown_to_William_and_Mary,_1688.jpg