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Law Culminating Unit 2 Timeline

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    Women’s voting rights

    In 1916 Canada began to see the uprising in women being able to vote provincially and federally, especially women in Manitoba. Manitoba eventually became the first province to allow women to vote in 1916, followed by Saskatchewan and Alberta. In 1917 British Columbia and Ontario women were aloud to vote provincially. When world war 1 happened in 1917 the women that participated in the war were some of the first women who were aloud to vote federally.
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    Women’s voting right continued

    Late on in 1918 the government removed the law for women not being able to vote federally and provincially.
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    Indigenous Canadian voting rights

    During world war 1 some indigenous people were able to vote and these indigenous people were on people who part took in the war itself. However this wasn’t until 1917 and they were aloud because of the military voters act to vote in federal elections..
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    Indigenous Canadian voting rights continued

    In 1960 the government changed Canadas election act so that indigenous people with status gained the right to vote without loosing their actual status and then in 1982 the charter of rights and freedoms stated that every Canadian citizen had the right to vote in elections
  • Indian act revisions

    Indian act revisions
    In 1951 the Indian act was changed from 1876. The Canadian government spoke with the First Nations about these changes in the act for the first time. After the Second World War people thought about the restrictions and harsh measures from the original Indian act. On June 20th, 1951, the new, revised Indian act was given Royal assent. This eventually removed some of the hateful political, cultural, and religious restrictions.
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    Canadian bill of rights

    The Canadian bill of rights was Canadas first ever federal law to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms. This was enacted in 1960 however, it proven to limited and ineffective because it applied to federal statutes and not provincial ones. The bill was cited between 32 cases between 1960 and 1982 which thirty of them were rejected. Though it is still in effect it was replaced the Canadian charter of rights and freedoms in 1982.
  • The Ontario human rights code

    The Ontario human rights code
    The Ontario human rights code was made protect us from discrimination against things like race, age, religion and ethnicity. Some protected grounds in the Ontario human rights code are age, gender, sex (including pregnancy or breastfeeding) and family status. Also some protected social areas are accommodation, contracts and employment.
  • Immigration act

    Immigration act
    The new immigration act in 1967 evaluated potential immigrants. This new system brought in a point system for the immigrants which allowed them to determine their ability to settle in Canada. These points were based of traits they had like education, age, occupational skills, character, ability to speak English and French, and employment prospects.
  • Royal commission on the status of women

    Royal commission on the status of women
    The Royal commits on the status of women was created in 1967. The whole idea of this was to gather information on the status of women in Canada and recommend what steps the federal government has to do to make sure women has equality in all parts of Canadian society. All of this was created because of female activists across the world because of women’s inequality.
  • Canadians official languages act

    Canadians official languages act
    The Canadians official languages act was to make sure that English and French are both official languages of Canada. This made Canada a bilingual country which gave the equality of status of English and French in parliament, federal laws and courts to be served by to communicate with federal institutions in the official language of their choice.
  • Canadian human rights act

    Canadian human rights act
    The Canadian human rights act was created in 1977 to make sure that that equality of opportunity is for everyone. It prohibits discrimination on the basis race, age, sex and a variety of other categories. However the Canadian human rights act isn’t like the charter rights and freedoms and it only covers equality rights. Each province and territory in Canada has its own human rights legislation, which apply places such as schools and hospitals.
  • The Canadian charter of rights and freedoms

    The Canadian charter of rights and freedoms
    The charter of Canadian rights and freedoms guarantees the rights of individuals in the highest law of the land. Since its enactment in 1982, the charter has caused a social and legal revolution in Canada. It has gave everyone a lot more rights and freedoms so we do not feel violated by someone with more authority. This gives things like more rights for minorities and criminals defendants.
  • Big M drug mart

    Big M drug mart
    In 1985 big m drug mart was found being open on Sundays and selling merchandise which was apparently going against the lords day act. The court said that the lords day act was for people that celebrated Christianity and went against everyone’s freedom of religion because they may have not of believed in or celebrated Christianity, also it went against their right to a free and democratic society.
  • R V. Oakes case continued

    The crown eventually appealed this to the Supreme Court and they agreed that it is alright to override these rights and freedoms to protect Canadian citizens. They would all decide from a criteria to override the case and when they applied it to the case they found it didn’t follow all the criteria and the case was dismissed.
  • R V. Oakes

    R V. Oakes
    In this case Oakes got charged with possession of narcotics. However in this case it was shown that Oakes had way to much to be using them for medical use and came to the conclusion of using them for distributing them or using them to traffic. Oakes did argue and said to the court he had the right to be seen as innocent until proven guilty, and the court did something called a reverse onus.
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    Canadian employment equality act

    The Canadian employment was made in 1986 and the purpose of this was to build a foundation for equal employment opportunities for four different groups who experienced discrimination in these areas. Those four different people included in that group was women, indigenous people, people with disabilities and other visible minorities. In 1996 Canadas federal public service become subject to this act. We are still making this act to help these four groups in todays society.
  • Abortion rights

    Abortion rights
    Before 1988 abortions were considered a crime in Canada until the Supreme Court said the provision in the criminal code for abortion was unconstitutional. They also said it violates a women’s right to life, liberty and security as a person. This was because of the R. V. Morgentaler case and before 1988 a abortion was only aloud if it threatened the women’s life in any shape or form.
  • Delgamuukw V. British Columbia

    Delgamuukw V. British Columbia
    The was this one case that took place in 1997 and was about when the Aboriginal title were raised such as the definition, content, and extent. This all happened because the Gitxsan and Wet’suwet’en nations tried to negotiate land ownership with the British Columbia government but kept getting rejected. However the Supreme Court realized that the aboriginal title was constituted as a ancestral right, protected by the constitution act, 1982.
  • Vriend V. Alberta continued

    Him and other people protested against Alberta to fight against this but they just kept losing. Vriend ended up appealing to the Supreme Court, who started that the IRPA of Alberta was unconstitutional and reversed the court of appeals decision.
  • Vriend V. Alberta

    Vriend V. Alberta
    Vriend worked at a Christian college and was fired because they discovered he was gay. They said that he did comply with the school policy’s or homosexual practice. He tried to argue that the employer discriminated against him because of his sexual orientation.
  • R V. Marshal

    R V. Marshal
    Marshall, a mi’kmaq man was charged for catching and selling eel with a illegal fishing net he was using and without a fishing license. He was found guilty however, the case got appealed by the Supreme Court of Canada because they recognized hunting and fishing rights were promised in the treaty that the government signed all the way back in 1760.
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    Same sex marriage

    Same sex marriage was first made legal in Canada in Ontario and British Columbia in 2003. Then in 2005 the federal Civil Marr Act came into place, making same sex marriage legal all across Canada. Canada became the third country in the world to allow same sex marriages, behind Netherlands and Belgium.
  • Truth and Reconciliation Commission

    Truth and Reconciliation Commission
    Truth and reconciliation commission was officially made in 2007 and it provided those directly affected by the residential schools a chance to share their stories and experiences. The Canadian Government provided the organization about $72 million dollars T to support what they are doing. They engage in the public, and educate Canadians on the history and legacy of the residential school systems and survivors.