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Marbury v. Madison
In 1800, Before President Adams left the office he tried to fill in many positions that were available in the federal government. President Adams appointed 58 new people one of those people was William Marbury. Once William Marbury didn’t receive his paperwork he sued James Madison asking the Supreme Court to issue a writ, therefore Madison would have to deliver the papers and Marbury would become justice of the peace. -
McCullouch v. Maryland
In 1791, the U.S government created the first national bank. Maryland attempted to close the Baltimore branch as passing a law by having all banks created outside of the state to pay a yearly tax. McCullouch refused to pay and the bank sued him. The court agreed with McCullouch and said it was unconstitutional. -
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott suffered and fought for his life. Once Dred Scott was brought to Illinois he was a free man. He sued the widow of whom he was left. The desicion was 7-2, the Supreme Court decided that Dred Scott was not a citizen of Illinois. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Homer Plessy, who was one-eighth black, purchased a class ticket and sat in the area thatwas supposedly designated for whites. Plessy was then was arrested for violating the Seperate Car Act After arguing that the Act violated theThirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the constitution. In court the verdict was in favor of Ferguson. -
Korematsu v. U.S.
In 1942, an order was signed, forcing west coast Japanse and Japanse Americans into internment camps. Korematsu avoided being interned and got arrested. Korematsu then challenged his conviction.The Supreme Court, believed that you can't discriminated based upon race. -
Brown v. Board of Ed Topeka KS
In the 1950's school was seperated by color. Linda brown and her family believed that the system violated the 14th Amendment and took their case to the court. This case was decided unanimously. As a result, racial segregation ruled a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. -
Mapp v, Ohio
Mapp was arrested and charged for violating an Ohio law against the possesiong of obscene materials. The police officers did not show her a warrant when they searched her house. The court was in favor of Mapp. -
Gideon v. Wainwright
In June 1961, the Bay Harbor Pool Room was robbed The police arrested Gideon after he was found with a pint of wine and some change in his pockets.The court did not appoint Gideon a lawyer at his hearing, so he had to defend himself. Gideon wrote a letter to the Supreme Court saying that the 6th Amendment was violated. The U.S Supreme Court agreed to hear his case.This case changed the way the U.S. conducted future cases for those who couldn't afford a lawyer. -
Miranda v. Arizona
When Ernesto Miranda was interrogated, he got arrested because of his confession. The police officers did not inform him of his 5th and 6th Amendment. The Supreme Court, in a 5-4 decision written by Chief Justice Earl Warren, ruled that the prosecution could not introduce Miranda's as evidence because the police did not inform him of his rights. This impacted the U.S that for now on that everyone must be read their right before being accused. -
Tinker v. Des Moines
John and Mary Beth Tinker wore black armbands to their public school as a protest against American involvement in the Vietnam War. They were asked to remove their armbands but instead they refused and got suspended. The decision of this was 7-2 in favor of the Tinkers. Justice Fortas wrote the majority opinion, ruling that students retain their constitutional right of freedom of speech while in public school. -
Roe v. Wade
Jane Roe, an unmarried and pregnant women wanted an abortion. Under the Texas Law, Roe was denied on having an abortion. In a 5-4 decision, the Court reaffirmed its commitment to Roe and to the basic right of a woman to have an abortion This gave women the rights to have abortions under certain circumstances. -
NJ v. T.L.O
In this case, a New Jersey high school student was accused of breaking school rules by smoking in the girls’ bathroom. Her pursed was search by a principal, finding marijuana and other materials dealing with marijuana. TLO (student) claimed that her 14th and 4th Amendment was violated, the court disagreed. The majority concluded that school officials do not need a warrant to justify a search as long as the search was reasonable. -
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
After Principal Robert Reynolds reviewed the school newspaper he told Emerson to delete two pages from the paper which he did so. The students then filed a suit saying the principle had violated their 1st Amendment. The decision of this case was 5-3 allowing students to practice freedom of press as long as it’s a public forum. -
Texas v. Johnson
In 1984, Gregory Lee Johnson set the American flag on fire. No one was hurt or threatened with injury, but some witnesses said they got offended. Johnson was charged and convicted with desecration of a venerated object which violated the Texas Penal Code.
