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History of Public Schools
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Common Schools
In the 1770s, Common schools were a thing. These schools were only in the bigger towns because it was required. The small towns had schools but they were not free nor public. The students learned the alphabet and prayers. Their schooling was linked to the protestant bible. In these schools only some of the boys were able to continue into grammar school, the rest just got enough education to read the bible, newspaper, and figure out their taxes. -
Jefferson's Education Plan
In 1776, after being defeated 3 times Jefferson's education plan finally started to move. Schools were going to play a critical role in education. Jefferson did not believe that women should be considered in education. Slaves got to go to sewing school. People did not believe they should get an education but they would sneak their books under their sewing. -
Noah Webster
Noah webster decided that in order for schooling to get better they had to get rid of British textbooks. Webster made a speller or a dictionary. He created a new language, English. Over the years he sold millions of them. Webster also believed we needed a national history. In these new schools, children would get 3 free years and only selective would advance. -
Horace Mann
Horace Mann was the paragon for public education. He is the Father of The common school. Mann made sure that children would get an education, he wanted every child to get it. Mann visited about 1000 schools in order to be able to create a better education system. Schools were supported by taxes and parents paid fees. Mann wanted the government to pay for schooling. He wanted this system to be equal, highest quality, and free. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
In May of 1896 segregation was still a big thing. White and Blacks were still separated. Homer Plessy decided to do something about it. Plessy sat in the carriage seat of a white man. He went to court and decided to start a petition against Judge Hon. John H. Ferguson. The petition was made because he believed the judge violated the 14th amendment. In April it was decided by the court that there was no violation of the 14th amendment. -
Brown v. Education Board
This landmark that was established in 1954 was to help end segregation. The supreme court ruled that any racial segregation in schools would be violating the 14th amendment. The only thing was that this only applied to racial segregation in schools. At any other place, it could be legal. -
Title IX
Title IX is a law that was passed in 1972 based on sexual inequality. This law prohibits any sex-based discrimination in education or schools. It also prohibits this discrimination in any federally funded programs or activities at schools. This law became effective June 23, 1972. -
Education of all Handicapped Children Act
This act took place in 1975, it is a federal law. This law requires schools to provide education to children with disabilities from ages 3 to 21. The program,m is funded by the states. They get funded as long as the states meet the requirements. The program has also just become stronger over the years. -
Goss V. Lopez
The issue, in this case, was that it was believed that students deserved the right to certain rights before being suspended. The right is a hearing. In order for a student to be suspended, it has to be for a reasonable thing. A student cannot be suspended at all without a hearing. This law won with a 5:4 voting and was declared by three judges. -
No Child Left Behind
In 2002 an act called the' No Child Left Behind Act'. This act means that every child gets to move on in school. They get to go into the next grade with the rest of their classmates. This act was made to avoid the gaps in children's education. The act only applies to elementary and secondary education. -
Gratz V. Bollinger
This law was made so colleges and universities would actually promote diversity. Barbara Gutter's admissions application was denied because of her color. She decided to do something about it and took it to court. The goal of this law is to promote diversity in housing, education, and employment. This was passed in 2003.