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Plessy v. Ferguson
This is a case about a man named Homer Plessy. He was told to move to the cart that was for colored and black people. He was arrested and then fought to say they were going against his 14th amendment rights. The supreme court ruled against this and it led to keeping Jim Crow law in place. Pictures presented by: Plessy v. Ferguson – African American Civil Rights Movement. (2017). African-American-Civil-Rights.org. http://www.african-american-civil-rights.org/plessy-ferguson/ -
Brown v. the Board of Education, Topeka
This case is about a girl name Lisa brown who was denied access to a all-white school when she lived in the district. Her dad sued them for violating their 14th amendment right. This case ruled on Lisa brown side. The court said segregation does not have a place in school.
Reference
History.com Editors. (2024, February 27). Brown v. Board of Education. History.com; A&E Television Networks. https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
Engel v. Vitale (1962)
Mr. Engel and others Sued Mr. Vitale for conducting a morning prayer after saying the pledge of allegiance. The ruling was 6 to 1 that prayers should be banned from schools. This ruling states it is against the constitution. -
Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia
This case is about children not being allowed in public schools due to having disabilities. The schools did not want to pay for the cost associated to students with disabilities. The judge made it clear that he wants all schools to be equal. picture reference
https://www.amazon.com/We-Want-Go-School-Disability/dp/0807535184 -
Education of all Handicapped Children Act (1975)
This law is made to require all schools to give access to special needs children. Also to require the schools to make a plan with the parents to help better teach their children. Allows parents to get a hearing for any conflicts they might have with the school about their child disability. -
Pyler v. Doe (1982)
This case is about the fourteenth amendment and how schools were trying to keep immigrants out. The schools were saying it did not want to carry the weight by educating children that would not stay in the state. The court found the school boards to be in violation of the amendment. -
Bethel School District #43 v. Fraser (1986)
This case is about a student named Matthew Fraser who’s father filed a lawsuit against the school district for suspending his child as well as claiming they are violating his child’s first amendment. His speech had offensive and sexual language in it. Due to this he got suspended and removed from speaking at graduation. The court sided with the school, that they did not violate any amendments. -
Santa Fe Independent School district v. Doe (2000)
This case was about if prayers should be done at school football games. The school district said they were not violating the first amendment rights. The court ruled saying that having prayers at the school football games are in violation of the first amendment rights of the students. -
Title IX (2024)
This law was created to protect people from discrimination against their sex. This law protects the people from getting denied access to schools, and programs within the school based on their sex, pregnancy, and medical conditions. Schools must provide a procedure for complaints about sex discriminations and policies about sharing information and retaliation against someone and modifications for someone's pregnancy or medical conditions.