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Plessy v. Ferguson Argued
This was the start of the famous case that came up with "Separate but equal" as a legal solution. At the beginning, New Orleans residents (black and white), a hired detective, a normal guy named Homer Plessy, and a train company tried to repeal Louisiana legislation that legally mandated racial segregation. -
Plessy v. Ferguson Decided
The Supreme court decided that it was legally sound to segregate people by their skin color as long as they had access to "separate, but equal" facilities. -
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Brown v. Board of Education Argued, and Re-argued
In Topeka Kansas, there were a group of parents who wanted their children to have equal access to education. A parent noticed that the nearest school was a white school, and that their child had to be bussed to a different school in the name of segregation. This group of parents went to the district court, and they tried to uphold Plessy v. Ferguson, but then the case went to the Supreme Court, and the Supreme Court ruled that racial Segregation was unconstitutional, and so began desegregation -
Brown v. Board of Education Decided
a.k.a. the beginning of the end to legalized segregation, and racial discrimination -
Engel v. Vitale Argued
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Engel v. Vitale
New York, approved legislation that let schools say a prayer in addition to the Pledge of Allegience In the end, the case was eventually brought to the Supreme Court where it was ruled that the governments direction of students towards a prayer they wrote was unconstitutional and violated the established clause of theorist amendment. Those involved in the challenging of the case, were actually people of a variety of belief systems including Jewish people and a Unitarian church member. -
Education of the Handicapped Enacted
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Title IX legislation Introduced to the senate
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Title IX legislation Passed the senate
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Title IX legislation signed into law by President Nixon
This piece of legislation is concerning equal treatment in regards to education and sex. It elaborated on the Civil Rights Act of 1964, by specifically targeting equality of the sexes in federally funded institutions, or more specifically, public institutions of learning. It has helped women to gain funding for various things in which they were previously considered less qualified, and so the funding would go to the male group. -
Goss v. Lopez Argued
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Goss v. Lopez Decided
There were students who were suspended for destroying school property, for 10 days in an Ohio school. The students could call on the Board of Education to look over their case if they were expelled, but there was no venue of action for a suspension they wished to challenge. An Ohio court found that this violated Due Processes, and that students have some rights in getting a fair “trial” when involved in disciplinary decisions made by the school. -
Education for all Handicapped Children Act Passed the Senate
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Education for all Handicapped Children Act Passed the House
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Education for all Handicapped Children Act Signed into law by President Ford
There was another act, the Education of the handicapped act enacted in 1966, this was an amendment to that. This amendment makes access to education, and the ability to appeal the decisions made by educational boards easier, guaranteed to effect change for each child. Any public school taking federal money, must give students with disabilities (physical and mental), equal access to education,
Handicapped people were legally included and guaranteed a road to equal access to education. -
Pylar v. Doe Argued
The state of Texas attempted to deny undocumented children education, saying that the undocumented children would be a financial burden to the state. -
Pylar v. Doe Decided
The case made its way to the Supreme court, and the Supreme court found that the undocumented children had a constitutional right to education, unless the state had a substantial reason to deny them education -
Bethel School District #43 v. Fraser Argued
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Bethel School District #43 v. Fraser Decided
A kid named Matthew M. Fraser decided to say things deemed inappropriate in a school environment in front of a large group of his peers. He was suspended for three days. The case eventually made its way to the Supreme Court.
The decided outcome of this Supreme Court Case was that students, do not have full free speech rights, and it is reasonable for educational institutions to limit their students speech in the interest of creating a sound learning environment.
