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Plessy v. Ferguson
This is a landmark decision in the U.S. Supreme Court that ruled that racial segregation is not breaking the U.S. Constitution as long as the facilities for each race are equal. This landmark wanted the races to be separated but equal. The effect he wanted to have was against both African Americans and whites. This hurt African Americans because it legitimized the Jim Crow law that implemented racial discrimination and inequality in places such as education, voting rights, and public facilities. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. The Board of Education was a landmark passed by the U.S. Supreme Court so all students could receive an equal education regardless of race. Racial segregation broke the Fourteenth Amendment. This had a good impact on all the students because they were able to receive the same level of education. However this did not mean that the discrimination against children of color stopped. -
Copper v. Aaron
In this landmark case in Little Rock Arkansas refused to comply with the U.S. Supreme Court decision of desegregating out of the Brown v. Board of Education case. Nine students of color were going to attend the school Central High School in Little Rock. The governor of Arkansas ordered the National Guard troops to stop these students from attending school. Despite that, the court said that the desegregation plan must continue and that the state's officials must follow the rules. -
Engel v. Vitale
This landmark decision was passed by the Supreme court. The supreme court decided that a student cannot be forced to say a prayer. That is because it goes against their first amendment of the constitution. This affected the students who had different beliefs. -
Serrano v. Priest
The serrano v. Priest is a landmark case that was passed because Los Angeles public schools and their families were not okay with the California school finance system, in which they relied on the Local property tax. They argued this because this one is a disadvantage to the students with lower income. The Supreme Court agreed, and Serrano v. Priest helped to make sure that all students got a good education no matter the family's income of each student. -
Title IX
This landmark ban sex discrimination in schools and any federal education that are receiving federal funding. This has had a great impact on women's opportunities in education and in any activities such as sports. Bernince sandlar was the first woman to file a sex discrimination complaint against colleges and universities back in the late 1960s. -
Education of all handicapped children act
This landmark helped all students with an appropriate public education despite their disability. In 1990 they renamed the landmark to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). President Gerald Ford passed the law. This hurt the funding because of overcounting or mislabeling students with disabilities. -
Goss v. Lopez
There was a case of nine students being suspended for ten days from Central High School in Columbus for destroying school property and disrupting the learning environment. There is a law that requires the parents to be notified 24 hours before. The school violated the Fourteenth Amendment. This affected the students who were suspended, and it affected their education. The landmark Goss v. Lopez passed and required a hearing before suspending students. -
Plyer v. Doe
Plyler v. Doe is a landmark case that ruled that students who are illegally in the country should still get an education. It was also ruled that the states cannot deny an education to them. This affected the state of Texas and other states that wanted to exclude the students because of their illegal status. -
Bethel School District #43 v. Fraser
This landmark decision happened because of a student named Matthew Fraser who gave a sexually suggested speech at a school assembly.
Matthew Fraser got suspended for three days for doing that. His first amendment rights were violated. Although they were violated the Supreme court decided to support the suspension of the student who did a sexually suggestive speech at a school assembly. -
Board of Education of Independent School District #92 of Pottawatomie County v. Earls
The Supreme Court decided to pass the landmark of Board of Education of Independent School District #92 of Pottawatomie County v. Earl. This was because the Oklahoma school district required drug test students who were involved in competitive extracurricular activities. Two students and their parents decided that the rights of the students were violated, and the Fourteenth Amendment was violated. The Supreme Court decided that the policy did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment. -
Grutter v. Bollinger
This landmark case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States with respect to affirmative action in student admission. This was passed due to a student suing the Michigan university for denying her admission due to her race. The one that got denied their admission were Barbara Grutter. The supreme court ruled against her. They said that the school didn't use affirmative action that their rejection was justified.