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North korea invades south Korea
The Korean war started with soldiers from the North Korean army.Soldiers crossed the 38th parallel. this was the first invasion of the cold war. American officials were trying to put together an armistice with North Korea in fear of another world war or the spread of communism. 5 million soldiers and civilians lost their lives due to the war. in July 1953 the Korean war came to an end. The korean countryies are still divided along the 38th parallel -
Refusal to sign Geneva Accords.
The Geneva Accords were made to split Vietnam at the 17th parallel. It reached agreement in 1954 in order to end the first Indochina war of Vietnam. The United States refused to sign because they felt like it gave to much power to the communist north. -
Warsaw Pact.
The Soviet Union and European satellites signed a treaty to establish the Warsaw Pact. This started a mutual defense organization that put soviet in command of the arm forces. Members included, Soviet Union, Albania, Poland, Romania, Hungary, East Germany, Chechoslavania, and Bulgaria. They would come to the defense of any member attacked by an outside force. -
Eisenhower Doctrine.
Under this doctrine, a country could request American economic assistance or U.S. aid for military forces. Only if they were being threatened by armed aggression by another state. Eisenhower singled out the Soviet Union threat in the doctrine by saying "To secure and protect the integrity and political independence of such nations, requesting such aid against overt armed aggression from any nation controled by internation communism." -
The "Kitchen Debate"
Richard Nixon and Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev got into a heated debate about capitalism and communism in the middle of a model kitchen set up for the U.S exhibit in Moscow. Nixon suggested that Khrushchev’s constant threats of using nuclear missiles could lead to war,and he scolded the Soviet for constantly interrupting him while he was speaking. Khrushchev warned of “very bad consequences.” The result was Soviet leader said he simply wanted “peace with all other nations, especially America. -
The Bay Of Pigs
The invasion begins with a CIA group of Cuban refugees.They land in Cuba and attempts to topple the communist government of Fidel Castro.The attack was a failure.The overall goal was to overthrow Castro and start a non-communist government that was an allied with the united states.The disaster at the Bay of Pigs had a lasting impact on Kennedy's administration. In order to make up for the failed invasion, the administration initiated Operation Mongoose, a plan to sabotage the Cuban government. -
The Space race
President Kennedy understood the need and had the vision of not only matching the Soviets, but surpassing them. He stood before Congress and proclaimed that “this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before the decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth.” On September 12, 1962, President Kennedy delivered a speech describing his goals for the nation’s space effort before a crowd of 35,000 people. He made his goal happenen and landed on moon. -
The Berlin wall
The Communist government of the German Democratic Republic, East Germany began to build a barbed wire and concrete “Antifascistischer Schutzwall,” between East and West Berlin. The official purpose of this Berlin Wall was to keep Western “fascists” from entering East Germany and undermining the socialist state. The U.S helped seperate East and West and the communist built the wall. This was a leading factor to the Cold War. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
Leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a tense, 13-day political and military standoff in October 1962 over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles on Cuba. In a TV address, President John Kennedy made it clear the U.S. was prepared to use military force if necessary to neutralize the threat to national security. Many people feared the world was on the brink of nuclear war. -
Partial band treaty
Representatives of the U.S, Soviet Union, and Great Britain signed the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, which prohibited the testing of nuclear weapons in outer space, underwater or in the atmosphere. Officials from both nations believed that the nuclear arms race was reaching an unsafe level and public protest against the testing of nuclear weapons was increasing. President Kennedy signed 3 months before his assassination. It was an important first step toward the control of nuclear weapons. -
The Gulf Of Tonkin
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution gave congressional approval for expansion of the Vietnam War. Military planners had developed a detailed design for major attacks on the North. Johnson announced that the North Vietnamese had attacked U.S. ships in the Gulf of Tonkin. Johnson sent airplanes against the North Vietnamese and asked Congress for a resolution that supported his actions.The number of U.S troops doubles to more than 20,000. -
Operation rolling thunder
U.S. military aircraft attacked targets throughout North Vietnam from March 1965 to October 1968. It was the first major act of attack in the war. This massive bombardment was intended to put military pressure on North Vietnam’s Communist leaders and reduce their capacity to wage war against the U.S.-supported government of South Vietnam. 200,000 US troops there; first major conventional clash between USA and NVA at Ia Drang. -
Nixon and Vietnamization
Richard Nixon opened up Vietnamization it was aimed at ending American involvement in the Vietnam War by transferring all military responsibilities to South Vietnam. The war made a split in American society. Nixon believed in Vietnamization which involved building up South Vietnam’s military strength and power in order to withdrawal U.S. troops.This would prepare the South Vietnamese to take responsibility for their own defense against a Communist attack and allow the U.S. to leave the conflict. -
Fixing relations with Russia
The announcement of the Nixon going to Beijing produced an immediate improvement in American relations with the U.S.S.R. Nixon received an invitation to meet with Soviet premier Leonid Brezhnev in Russia. It was a sign that Nixon's effort was working. Fear of improved relations between China and America was leading the Soviets to better their own relations with America, just as Nixon hoped. Nixon became the first President to visit Moscow. -
The Paris Peace Treaty
The Paris Peace Accords, officially titled the Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam, was a peace treaty to establish peace in Vietnam and end the Vietnam War. The treaty included the governments of North Vietnam, South Vietnam, and the U.S as well as the Provisional Revolutionary Government . It ended direct U. S. military combat and temporarily stopped the fighting between North and South Vietnam. The agreement was not ratified by the United States Senate. -
End Of The Vietnam War
The North Vietnamese army was supported by the Soviet Union, China and other communist allies and the South Vietnamese army was supported by the United States, South Korea, Australia, Thailand. The war is therefore considered a Cold War-era proxy war. Gradual withdrawal of U.S. ground forces began as part of "Vietnamization", which ended American involvement in the war. Over 1 million refugees eventually come to the US.
