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Cotton Gin
Eli Whitney was a man from Massachusetts who was a graduate from Yale. Eli moves south to Georgia to pay back his debts before he could become a laywer. When he gets to Georgia he becomes a private tutor on a plantation. He soon learned that southerns needed a more profitable way to produce cotton which was hard to separate the seeds from. Eli Whitney was encouraged to fix theis problem by his employer Catherine Greene. -
Cotton Gin (part 2)
He decided to make the Cotton Gin which was a hand-cranked machine that would separate the seeds from the cotton. He then decided with Phineas Miller to make as many cotton gins as possible and tax farmers for using it. They would tax them for two-fifths of their profit (actual cotton itself) but many farmers started to get mad about getting their profits taken away. -
Cotton Gin (part 3)
Many began to make their own gins and soon Whitney decided to just to sell his patent rights because the patent laws could not help him. The creation of the Cotton Gin raised the production rate and led to the creation of other inventions like weaving and spinning machines. But it also had a bad effect; it increased the amount of slavery in the south. -
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Civil War Timeline
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Missouri Compromise (Compromise of 1820) (Part 2)
It also made the 36 30' a boundary. This boundary prohibited slavery to the west of the Louisiana Territory, with the exception of Missouri. President Monroe, after deciding that it was constitutional, admitted Missouri into the Union. This was another problem that put the North against the South. -
Missouri Compromise (Compromise of 1820)
Henry Clay came up with the idea of the Missouri Compromise in 1820 to balance the powerin congress. They needed as many slave states as free states to do this. The Missouri Compromise was made when Missouri wanted to come into the Union as a slave state. This would serve as a problem because then Congress would be controlled by a majority of slave states. So to solve this problem they made Maine a free state while making Missouri a slave state. -
Underground Railroad
The Underground Railroad was created by the National Antislavery Society but formally organized by Robert Purvis in 1834. The ones involved in the Underground Railroad were both whites who were against slavery and blacks. The Underground Railroad was where a bunch of abolitionists would house and hide slaves as they headed north. A very famous user of the Underground Railroad was Harriet Tubman. She was known as the moses of her people who helped many enslaved blacks. -
Underground Railroad (Part 2)
This means of escape from slavery in the south led to the creation of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850. It also led to the creation of the Compromise of 1850. The Underground Railroad was a major factor to the escape of many slaves and to the conflict between the North and South. -
Wilmot Proviso
David Wilmont, the representative of Pennsylvania at the time, was very against extending slavery across the country into the land that was ceded by Mexico in the Mexican-American War. Him and many other northerns were against this and didn't like President Polk who seemed to favor the South more. Wilmont made this proviso to say what him and a majority of the northerners wanted, no to expand slavery. He even said in the House that, "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist". -
Wilmont Proviso (Part 2)
But the WIlmont Proviso was not a document that wanted to get rid of slavery but to instead leave it where it is and no where else. The North was populous enough to get the Wilmont Proviso passed in the House of Representatives but it still had to go through the Senate. Since the Senate was made equaly of Free and Slave States, it could not get a majority. The Wilmont Proviso never became law no matter how many times the House of Representatives tried. -
Compromise of 1850
Henry Clay along with Daniel Webster, John C. Calhoun, and Stephen Douglas created the Compromise of 1850 to try and keep the peace between the North and the South; the Anti-Slave and the Pro-Slave regions. With all of the newly acquired land, many disputes started to begin over land and slavery. They decided that we would get Texas and $10 million dollars to Mexico for debts. New Mexico, Nevada, Arizona, and Utah would be created without the mention of slavery. -
Compromise of 1850 (Part 2)
Also, the slave trade would be abolished in the District of Columbia but slavery would still be legal. And then, California would be admitted into the Union as a Free State. They knew that the unbalance of Free State to Slave State would cause a problem with the additional Free State, California, so they also created the Fugitive Slave law to pacify the South. The Fugitive Slave Act was very controversial because it called for citizens to help in the recapture of run away slaves heading north. -
Compromise of 1850 (Part 3)
The Fugitive Slave Law also refused the fugitives right to a jury trial. This law strove many slaves to escape to Canada. This act pushed even move abolitionists to fight for the end of slavery. The Compromise of 1850 did what it was supposed to do and that was to keep the nation united but it was only temporary. With the issue of slavery known to the nation the North and the South will become even more divided between Pro-slavery and Anti-slavery that will divide it and cause the Civil War. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote "Uncle Tom's Cabin" to show how horrible slavery truly is. Harriet showed how she, abolitionists, and all slaves wanted the freedom and equality for all black slaves. This book focuses on a black slave named Tom on a plantation in Kentucky and all of the torture he went through as a slave. In the end Tom helped his family get freedom by going to Canada (if they had only went to the North, the Fugitive Slave law would have made them go back), but he didn't go. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin (Part 2)
He was unable to gain freedom by going to the North and instead by death. Since he would not give up the two women to escaped, he was whipped to death. This book helped the Abolition Movement and contributed to the cause of the Separation of the Union and the outbreak of the Civil War. Harriet Beecher Stowe lived up to her name as an abolitionist and influenced many people into becoming abolitionists with this book for her cause, which was the abolistion of slavery. -
The Caning of Charles Sumner (Part 2)
Preston Brooks, a relative of Andrew Butler, went into Charles Sumners house three days later. He hit him in the head with his cane multiple times until Charles was unconcious. Brooks resigned from office but then was reelcted. He was never improsioned. Charles Sumner recovered very slowly but stayed in office for another 18 years. Both Brooks and Sumner were saw as heros in their own regions. This was another event that led to the Civil War. -
The Caning of Charles Sumner
Charles Sumner, a Massachusetts antislavery Republican, was caned until unconciousness by Representative Preston Brooks. Three days earlier Charles Sumner made a speech called "Crimes against Kansas" to address that subject on whether Kansas should be a Slave State or a Free State. In his speech he had mentioned two Democratic Senators who had done wrong--Stephen Douglas of illinois and Andrew Butler of South Carolina. Charles Sumner mocked Andrew Butler, the one not present, and South Carolina. -
Dred Scott Decision
The Dred Scott Decision was based off of a black slave named Dred Scott. Him and his master moved all over the United States. They moved from Virginia to Alabama, then to St. Louis, Missouri. After his master died, a man named Dr. Emerson took over as his master and moved to the free state of Illionois. After Emerson died he sought out freedom for him and his wife Harriet Robinson. He evened tried to pay $300 dollars to the widow but he was refused so he tried to get freedom through the courts. -
Dred Scott Decision (Part 2)
He believed that since he had lived in a free state at one time, he was free. His case went all the way to the United States Supreme Court. Supreme Justive Roger B. Taney stated that because Scott was black, he was not a citizen and therefore had no right to sue. The decision also declared the Missouri Compromise of 1820, legislation which restricted slavery in certain territories, unconstitutional. The decision also greatly influenced the nomination of Abraham Lincoln to the Republican Party. -
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
This debate brought up the subject on slavery against free labor, popular sovereignty, and the legal and political status of black Americans. This debate put Abraham Lincoln a Republican against Stephen A. Douglas a Democrat. Lincoln argued that Stephen Douglas's Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Supreme Court's Dred Scott decision was trying to make slavery lawful. Him and Douglas traveled all over Illinois debating against each other. They both thought very differently about the issue on slavery. -
Lincoln-Dougals Debates (Part 2)
Douglas thought of slavery as a dying institution that could not develop and spread anymore that it already has. He said that the problem of slavery could be resolved if treated as a local issue. Lincoln thought of slavery as a "dynamic, expansionistic institution, hungry for new territory". He said that if Northerners allowed slavery to spread, slaveowners would one day make both, whites and blacks, slaves for labor. Douglas thought of black people as lower beings who don't have rights. -
Lincoln-Douglas Debate (Part 3)
Lincoln on the otherhand believed that they had a right to life, liberty, and the fruits of their own labor. Then at Freeport Lincoln asked Douglas about his view on the Dred Scott Decision that would either get him the Northern Free Soilers or the Southerner pro slavers. Douglas said that territorial settlers could exclude slavery, despite what the Court had ruled. This vaguness won him the reelection. This debate put Lincoln in the spotlight as a good candidate for the Presidential Election. -
Raid on Harper's Ferry, Virginia
John Brown, a very aggressive slave abolitionist, got 21 other men and his own three sons to go th Harpers Ferry, Virginia. They were planning on seizing weapons from the West Virginia armory. They were planning to start a slavery insurrection. President Bucchanan, after hearing that they had captured the arsenal, sent Robert E. Lee. Robert E. Lee recaptured the armory. Ten of Browns men were killed and 7, including John Brown, were captured, while five escaped. -
Raid on Harper's Ferry, Virginia (Part 2)
Before the raid Brown had thought that slaves would help him out for their freedom but they didn't. He hoped that him liberating many slave would show people that slaves are not property and end slavery but the military ruined his plans. Brown was then hanged in Charles Town on December 2, 1859. This event pushed abolitionists to take a more aggressive stand to end slavery. This event led to the secession of the South and it also played a part in the beginning of the Civil War. -
Election of 1860
In 1860, the Democratic Party went to Charleston, South Carolina to argue over where they stand, either over slavery or popular sovereignty. They ended up chosing popular sovereignty so they split. The Democrats of the North then met in Baltimore Maryland and nominated Stephen A. Douglas while the Southern Democrats met in Richmond, Virgina and nominated John C. Breckinridge. Their platform said that they would protect slavery in the territories. -
Election fo 1860 (Part 2)
The Whigs, now call the Constitutional Union Party, nominated John Bell. They were soon dubbed the "Old Gentlemen's Party" because they weren't really that strong of a party. The Republicans ended up chosing Abraham Lincoln as their nominee because of their change on their platform. They decided that their platform would call for a moderately higher tariff, federally sponsored internal improvements, aa homestead bill nad fedeal assistance for a transcontinental railroad. -
Election of 1860 (Part 3)
Then on slavery they decided that each state would be able to decide on slavery within its on territory and Congress can not intervene. Lincoln went all over the country speaking of the value of the Union and against secession. Lincoln got most of his votes from the North but he got a lot of the Electoral Votes. Stephen A. Douglas also got a lot of votes but his were mostly popular votes and not electoral so Lincoln Won. -
Election of 1860 (Part 4)
This election was very important to freedom of the slaves because of Abraham Lincoln and it also help start the separation of the Union and the beginning of the Civil War. The issue on slavery that Lincoln will bring up with the Emancipation Proclamation will end up pulling the Union apart and creating the Civil War. -
Formation of the Confederate States of America
Lincoln did not see them as separate from the Union in which he wished to preserve so he payed them no mind until Fort Sumter. After this battle, Lincoln called for war. He called for a Civil War within the same country. After this event four more states secceeded and they were Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and lastly North Carolina. To them they were the Confederate States of America. This seccession would lead to the Civil War and the abolition of slavery. -
Formation of the Confederate States of America
The southern states who did not like the decision of Abraham Lincoln becoming their new president created their own "country". The delegates of the southern states met in Motgomery, Alabama to talk about the creation of their new republic and government. The first state to secceed was South Carolina, followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. The South wanted to preserve their way of life that include agriculture, slaves, and cottom. -
Formation of the Confederate States of America (Part 2)
They saw that since them and the North thought so differently maybe they should be separated. With this separation they needed their own government and with that a new president. The president of the Confederacy was Jefferson Davis and their vice president was Alexander Hamilton Stephens. The South only had a population of 20,000 people but they still became the CSA and their capital was in Richmon Virginia. -
Fort Sumter
The day after President Lincoln's inauguration, he got a letter from Major Robert Anderson who was the commander of the troops at Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor. The letter said the the fort had less than six weeks supply left. Fort Sumter was supposedly the Confederate States of America territory and they did not want Union troops coming in and out as they pleased. Lincoln saw this and knew that there was goiing to be conflict; he planned it to where the Confederacy would have to fire first. -
Fort Sumter (Part 2)
This plan would hopefully keep those states that are still in the Union to stay that way. The Confederate government order General P. G. T. Beauregard to evacute Fort Sumter, with force if necessary. Beauregard demanded the surrender of the Union troops at Fort Sumter. The commander of the Union troops, Anderson refused, The confederate troops fired on the Union forts first. The Union Fort was unable to attack back effectively though. -
Fort Sumter (Part 3)
April 13, Major Anderson surrendered and evacuated the next day, the Confederate had won. This battle showed that the South was ready to fight for thier Confederacy and would go against anyone have their way of life the way they want it. This battle was the beginning of the Civil War. -
First Battle of Bullrun (Manassas)
This was the first real major battle of the American Civil War. General McDowell, the Union commander with 28,000 men went against General Beauregard of the Confedreacy with 33,000 men in Manssas Virginia. After only five hours the Confederacy were retreating except for General Jackson's troops. He was soon nicknamed General "Stonewall" Jackson for holding his ground against the Union forces. Since Jackson held his ground, it gave General Johnson enough time to bring reinforcements of 9000 men. -
First Battle of Bullrun (Manassas) (Part 2)
With the reinforcements the course of the battle changed and the Union troops were now retreating but the Confederate troops did not follow because of Beauregard's army disorganization. This battle showed that at this point no one could tell who would win. This was another win for the South and this win pushed them to move further with their new nation and to continue their war. -
Battle of Shiloh (Battle of Pittsuburg Landing)
This battle was the second greates conflict between the Union and Confederacy during the Civil War. It was fought in southwestern Tennessee. Union General Ulysses S. Grant had already taken the forts on both the Tennessee River, Fort Henry, and on the Cumberland, Fort Donelson. He then moved on to Tennessee at Pittsburg Landing. General A. S. Johnston and P. G. T. Beauregard of the Confederacy decided to get back their forts. Johnston attacked Grant and both sides were inexperienced. -
Battle of Shiloh (Battle of Pittsburg Landing) (Part 2)
Johnston died the first afternoon. The casualties were very bad, about 10,000 men on each side, and it ended as a Confederate failure. This battle would only lead to many more but it showed that both sides were about equal in the war. -
Siege on Richmond
The Confederate attackGeneral Edmund Kirby Smith, the Confederate commander in Knoxville, entered Kentucky. His Confederate troops met up with the Union troops near Richmond, Kentucky. Even thought the Confederate forces were outnumbered by a good 500 men, Kirby Smith did not back down. He knew that he needed to get Kentucky over to the Confederate side and to do that he could not back down. -
Siege on Richmond (Part 2)
The Union troops turned out to be new recruits so with Kirby Smith's two wave attack, the Confederates won. Of the 6,500 men, 206 were killed, 844 wounded, and 4,303 captured. Only 900 or so men escaped to fight. Of the Confederate troops, 78 died and 372 werre wounded. This battle was a minor victory for the Confederacy but it helped them gain their fighting spirit and patriotism for the up coming battles in the Civil War. This battle was the second largest battle in Kentucky of the Civil War. -
Battle of Antietam
This battle is the bloodiest battle in a day of American History. Major General George B. McClellan of the Union and his troops faced off against Robert E. Lee of the Confederacy and his troops oF Northern Virginians. The confronted at Sharpsburg, Maryland. Major General Joseph Hooker's troops attacked Lee first and started the Battle of Antietam. The Union and Confederate attacks went back and forth. Major General Ambrose Burnside then moved across Antietam Creek but A.P. Hill stopped him. -
Battle of Antietam (Part 2)
Even though Lee's forces were outnumbered, his continuous attack on the McClellans army got him through since McClellan didn't put all of his men into the fight. McClellan, when both forces were pulling back, did not persue Lee and his troops. The Union claimed victory over this battle in the end. With this battle and pushing Lee's forces back, Lincoln then told of his Emanicipation Proclamation that would change the whole purpose of the Civil War. -
Battle of Antietam (Part 3)
The war Would now be seen as a war for the freedom of slaves. -
The Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was a document created by President Abraham Lincoln to end slavery. The document was well timed to address because it was after the win of the Battle of Antietam. With the vigor and patriotism high in the North, they would except their new purpose of fighting with open arms for the majority of the north wanted the abolition of slavery. The Emancipation Proclamation would end slavery in all of the states except for the border states. -
The Emancipation Proclamation (Part 2)
The border states were Delaware, Maryland, Missouri, Kentucky, and West Virginia. These states could stay as they are. Even with this Proclamation, the Confederacy payed no mind to it for they believed that they were separate from the Union. This proclamation boosted the North into fighting for a purpose, it got slaves to fight in the war for their freedom, and it got many abolitionists involved in the war. -
Battle of Gettysburg
This was the most famous and most important battle of the Civil War that occurred in the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Near the town of Willoughby Run, Lee's forces met up with the federal forces and the battle began. Both sides recieved heavy casualties. The Union and Confederate forces went back and forth, regrouping and strategizing. Robert E. Lee and General Longstreet of the Confederacy were against General George G. Meade and the federal troops. The Federalists were still holding on. -
Battle of Gettysburg (Part 2)
Lee decided after regrouping once again, to then attack the Union center on Cementery Ridge. The Pickett-Pettigrew assault or Pickett's Charge hurt the Union but just momentarily until they drove the Confederate forces back once again. This gave them even more casualties. With this Union victory, Lee pulled his army back towards Williamsport on the Potamac River. Confederate casualties were 28,000 out of 75,000 and the Union casualties were 23,000 out of 88,000. -
Battle of Gettysburg (Part 3)
Meade did not immediately go after Lee after this battle and it made Lincoln mad. He believed that he could have ended the war right then and there. After this battle President Lincoln dedicated the battlefield as a military cemetary. With this event he gave a short "Gettysburg Address". This loss was the first of many losses that the Confederacy would lose and then lead up to the Union winning the war. -
Siege at Vicksburg
Uylesses S. Grant arrived in Vicksburg and attacked. The defenses of Vicksburg were still going strong so it repealed his attacks. With the repeated attacks from Grant, Vicksburg's defences were weakening. With troop shortage in the Confederacy, reinforcements were small. General Richard Taylor sent some reinforcements to help but they were soon defeated. Vicksburgs only hope at this point wasa Joseph Johnston. But he was no help with his unexperienced troops. -
Siege on Vicksburg (Part 2)
As the Confederate side grew, so did Grants side. Grant got ready with Sherman and his seven divisions defending. As the Union troops were building trenches and soon found mines that then destroyed a Confederate fort. Grant used the mines to his advantage and waited for several mines to explode before he attacked head on. But in the end it was not necessary for Pemberton put up the white flag as surrender because his troops were no longer physically capable of fighting for lack of food. -
Siege on Vicksburg (Part 3)
With the surrender of the Confederate troops, Grant would release the Confederate troops but they could no longer fight. He did this to lighten his travel and to damage the morale of the South. This defeat went across the country and the morale of the SOuth was dwindling and they soon lost many more battles. This great battle foreshadowed the end of the Confederacy. -
Gettysburg Address
President Abraham Lincoln went to Gettysburg, Virginia after the Battle of Gettysburg. Gettysburg became a cemetary for the fallen soliders of that battle. After a two hour opening for the cemetary and for Lincoln, his speech was only two minutes long. He talks of the equality of man in which their nation was created for and to reserve Gettysburg as a cemetary. His speech was very short and it disappointed many people but his few words held strong meaning. -
Gettysburg Address (Part 2)
Lincoln does not talk bad about the Confederate troops and instead honors them alongside the Union troops. In this time of war, Lincoln felt that the Confederates were still part of the Union in which he wanted to preserrve. This address would be remembered forever for its honor for those who had fallen during the war. This address would not only help the morale of the North but the morale as the nation that Lincoln believes is still connected. -
Election of 1864
With the war still ongoing, Lincoln had many things to worry about. Battles here and there, decisions he has to make, and the new election he has to go through again is a lot at one time. The Democratic Party had split. The Peace Democrats wanted peace and so they nominated George B. McClellan. While the election was going on the Confederacy decided to wait out the election to see if they would recognize their Confederate independence. -
Election of 1864 (Part 2)
On September 6, General Sherman seized Atlanta and the war turned in favor to the North. Everyone, even McClellan wanted military victory. Lincoln won the popular vote and the electoral vote (212 to 21) and the Republicans also won three-fourths of Congress. Lincoln winning the election pushed the Civil War on and would ultimately help the Union win. Lincoln's second term would bring the country together once again and he would "Preserve the Union" once again as well. -
Sherman's "March to the Sea"
General William T. Sherman begins across Georgia by attacking the industrial section of Atlanta. Shermans army destroyed most of the state before he had captured the Confederate seaport at Savannah, Georgia. His huge army traveling across Tenneessee to protect provisions for his army from Confederate raiders such as Nathan Bedford Forrest. Sherman, after hearing of Lincolns re-election, wrote to Ulysses S. Grant to ask if he could march through Georgia to prove that the North can prevail. -
Sherman's "March to the Sea" (Part 2)
On November 15, his army began on their trip destorying everything in their path. This march will be remembered for the burning of Georgia and the destruction, Sherman and his troops made. This march would serve as a foreshadow of the Union winning. It would also state the fact that the Union is stilling going strong. -
Freedmen's Bureau
This bureau was created for refugees, freedmen, and abandaoned lands to help the movement of slavery to freedom in the South. This bureau would only help for one year though. This bureau was created by Congress aswell. The bureau was run by the War Department and the commisioner was General Howard. General Howard was a Civil War hero who was very sympathetic to blacks. This organization would introduce blacks to the system of free labor, as well as overseeing schools for them. -
Freedmen's Bureau (Part 2)
It would also settle conflicts between whites and blacks about labor and the owning of land. It would even secure justice for blacks in the state courts. As it was being renewed, President Andrew Johnson vetoed it as unconstitutional. Many whites believed that blacks should not have any rights at all. With the Bureau gone, it still acomplished its goal for education for blacks by creating many schools and colleges. -
Freedmen's Bureau (Part 3)
But in the end, the Bureau wasn't able to bring blacks and whites together and instead it broke them further apart. This organization was the first of many efforts to bring free blacks into society as equal citizens. -
Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia
The Union troops of John Broun Gordon and the Confederate troops of Fitzhugh Lee lined up at Appomattoc Court House in Virginia for battle. With the Uylsses S. Grant and the Union troops closing in on Robert E. Lee, he had to escape. But when Union reienforcements arrived, they surrounded him on three sideds. Surrounded, the only thing Lee could do was surrender to Grant. This was a Union victory with about 700 casualties total. This battle would be the last conflict of the war in Viriginia. -
Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia (Part 2)
With the surrender of Rober E. Lee, the South no longer had any chance at winning the war. This battle will be the cause of higher morale in the North and it will cause the end of the War in favor of the North. This battle will be the final major battle in the Civil War. -
Assasination of President Abraham Lincoln
Two days after Robert E. Lee surrendered to Uylesses S. Grant, Lincoln made a speech. This speech said that blacks now had the right to vote. This speech made a man named John Wilkes Booth decide that he would assasinate Abraham Lincoln. Booth was an actor at this time and soon he figured out that President Lincoln and General Grant were going to attend Ford's Theatre to watch "Our American Cousin". He would kill Lincoln and his men would each kill the Vice President and the Secretary of State. -
Assassionation of President Abraham Lincoln (Part 2)
He planned it to where they would killed them at the same time so that it would cause chaos. He believed that in this chaos, the South would rise again. During the play, Booth went into Lincolns box and shot him in the back of the head. His accomplisses didn't fullfil their duty though. Lincoln passed away that night. Booth was soon killed by Sergent Boston Corbett and most of his accomplisses were hanged. With the death of Lincoln the United States of America would still be in conflict. -
Assassionation of President Abraham Lincoln (Part 3)
The new president would be Andrew Johnson and in this time they will be still fighting over blacks rights. Before President Lincoln died he put his final input on black suffrage and then came the 13th Amendment. -
13th Amendment
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." This amendment would finally abolished slavery. After Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, slavery finally became an issue that the people needed to deal with. The American Civil War is finally over but the deal on slavery is still at large. -
13th Amendment (Part 2)
This amendment is the first step to blacks being seen as people and citizens of the United States of America. After this amendment two more amendments would be made for the sake of blacks and their rights. Slavery is no more in the United States of America. This amendment will lead to a whole black movement into society. -
14 Amendment (Part 2)
This amendment gives all blacks the life, liberty, and property in which all citizens have. This would also leading to the creation of the 15th Amendment and this will also make conflict within the Southern states again. -
14th Amendment
This amendment would finally make people see blacks as citizens. It granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States." This amendment would make mostly all formers slaves citizens who are protected under the law. This amendment also gave blacks due process. This due process would now let blacks defend themselves in court and to have the law defend them.This amendment also gave blacks equal protection under the law. -
15th Amendment
Congress passed the 13th Amendment and the 14 Amendment. Then, Congress passed the 15th Amendment. After blacks becoming citizens, the 15th Amendment would finally give them their right as a citizen. This right would be for them to vote. Blacks being able to vote leads to many conflicts in the South. Even with this Amendment and the blacks feeling as if they are true citizens of the US, many are against them. Many Southerns threaten them against voting. They would create the Ku Klux Klan. -
Election of 1876
The Civil War is over at this point. The Republican Party nominated Rutherford B. Hayes. The Democrats, out of power since 1861, selected Samuel J. Tilden. Tilden had 184 of the 185 electoral votes needed to win and he led the popular vote by 250,000. The Republicans accused them of intimidation against blacks and bribery. Florida, Louisiana, Oregon, and South Carolina would be the deciding factors in the election. -
Election of 1876 (Part 2)
To resolve the dispute, Congress, made an electoral commission made up of five U.S. representatives, five senators, and five Supreme Court justices. Joseph Bradleys vote made Hayes President. Democratic leaders accepted Hayes's election in exchange for Republican promises to withdraw federal troops from the South. Also provide federal funding for internal improvements in the South and put a Southerner in the Cabinet. When the federal troops were withdrawn it put the end to Reconstuction. -
Election of 1876 (Part 3)
Pulling the troops out of the south would then lead to the Compromise of 1877. The Compromise of 1877, the national government would no longer intervene in southern affairs. This would allow the racial segregation and the disfranchisement of black voters as well
