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Karl popper best known for his theory of falsification, essentially attempting to replace inductive reasoning with falsification. A simple example of his theory would be all shoes are green, this can be falsified by one shoe of another color.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XlFywEtLZ9w -
Karl Popper born 28 July 1902 passed away 17 September 1994.
Originally from Vienna, Austria-Hungary -
Karl popper strongly believed in creative imagination playing a very crucial role in theory formulation.(stanford) He wrote a book on the progression of investigating theory and the logical form it takes. It was a 4 step plan in deductive procedure work.
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1965 during a lecture Karl Popper is quoted saying "earlier thinkers had seen the only alternative to determinism as chance." This is one of the first arguments against free will. As he dug deeper into the concept of free will he brings in factors of chance and explained free will in a two stages. It is random chance, with a controlled decision.