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The First Fleet
The first fleet was commanded by Captain Arthur Phillip and left England on the 13th of May 1787. The First Fleet was meant to land at botany bay, but because the first fleet was unable to land there, The First Fleet land at Port Jackson. There were 11 sailing ships in the first fleet, 3 of them being for food and supplies, and 6 for the convicts. They took enough food for 2 years but by the time the second fleet arrived the amount of food was critically low. -
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Australian history
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Smallpox
On April 1789, many aborigines died from smallpox in large numbers near settlements of the English. The reason was because of a disease called smallpox, which came from the British people when they arrived in Australia. Many of the British settlers also died from small pox 15 months after they settled in Australia. Smallpox was an infectious disease that causes death. -
The Gold Rush
The gold rush started in 1851. The gold rush started when a man named Edward Hargraves found a speck of gold in a waterhole near Bathurst. In Victoria, a group called the gold discovery committee was formed and they said that any gold found within 200 miles of Melbourne would be paid 200 pounds. But when that happened, Victoria’s pay for jobs tripled because of low work rates. Many property owners put their properties up for sale, but because no one wanted them, house prices collapsed. -
Robert Burke and William Wills
Robert O’Hara Burke and William John Wills are famous for being the first English men to cross Australia from north to south. They crossed from the south-most of South Australia to the north-most part of the Northern Territory. They started to travel from the 20th of August 1860 and ended in June of 1861. They used horses, camels and took a various range of supplies. They originally were going to take 22 tons of supplies but they didn’t have enough space to take it all. -
Federation of Australia
Sydney and Melbourne were debating over which city should become the capital of Australia. On the 1st of January 1901, the colonies of Australia became states and a federal parliament was created, and the first prime minister of Australia. The first commonwealth parliament was held on the 9 of May 1901, at 12:00 pm in Melbourne.