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The Royal Proclamation
It prevented any further settlement across North America until treaties had been negotiated with Indigenous Peoples, and it recognized that Indigenous Peoples had organized nations of their own lands. This law is the basis for many modern Indigenous land claims, because in several provinces, including British Columbia, treaties were never signed. -
Reserve System
Part of the Indian Act and it is a tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band. -
Indian Act
allows the government to control most aspects of aboriginal life: Indian status, land, resources, wills, education, and band administration -
National Indian Brotherhood & Native Council of Canada
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Residential School System Abolished but not all closed
The DIA took over the residential schools in Canada, removing the church involvement with the system. This led to the government beginning to end the entire school system altogether. The church did not agree with this at first, saying that segregated education was the most beneficial for the indigenous children. -
White Paper
The White Paper proposed the abolition of reserves and an end to indigenous special status. The premise was that equality was necessary for a solution to the problems of Indigenous Peoples, and that special status had been the major cause of difficulties. The government believed the solution was for Indigenous Peoples to assimilate into the mainstream culture to be "citizens like any other". -
Aboriginal Right to Universal Suffrage
Aboriginals got the right to vote. -
Movement toward Self Government
The Aboriginal people believed in having the power to make their own decisions regarding the internal affairs of their community -
Assembly of First Nations
It established better conditions for Indigenous Peoples -
Gustafasen Lake BC
The Indigenous people re-occupied land that they claimed was sacred ground at Gustafsen Lake, BC -
Passing of Bill C-31
The bill abolished the concept of enfranchisement where an Indigenous person could lose their Indian status through many different ways, also, it allowed for Indigenous bands to increase self-government -
Meech Lake Accord
It is known as the Quebec Round of constitutional amendments which made Quebec to be considered as a distinct society, that three of the nine Supreme Court judges were to come from Quebec, that any amendments to the new consitution would require agreement from all ten provinces, that provinces could choose to opt out of federal funding and that Quebec would be able to control its own immigration regulations. -
Oka Stand Off
In the Municipality of Oka, Quebec, officials decided to extend a nine-hole golf course, onto land that then Mohawks claimed had always belonged to them. In response, the Mohawks set up blockades of major roads that lasted for more than six months. The police stormed the barricades and one officer was killed. The army was called in and finally an agreement was reached. The federal government bought the disputed land and negotiated its transfer to the Kanesatake First Nation. -
Ipperwash Ontario
A group of Indigenous protestors occupied land on a former army base at Ipperwash that had been taken from them during WWII but never returned -
Delgamuluukw Case
It concerned the definition, content and the extent of the Aboriginal title. The Supreme Court of Canada observed that Aboriginal title constituted an ancestral right protected by section 35(1) of the Constitution Act, 1982. -
Nisga’a Treaty
Nisga'a people of BC signed a unique treaty with both the provincial and federal governments. The Nisga'a were given wide powers of self-government pertaining to issues of culture, language, and family life. They were also given ownership of 1992 square kilometers of land as well as $190 million -
Statement of Reconciliation issued
The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples adviced that the government gives a formal statement of apology for past abuse and injustice committed against Aboriginal peoples. This apology is a necessary first step to renew the relationship between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal peoples. Minister of Indian Affairs Jane Stewart stated this Statement of Reconciliation on behalf of the federal government -
Creation of Nunavut
Nunavut separated from the Northwest Territories to become the newest Canadian territory. Nunavut was the largest aboriginal land claims agreement of the native people.
