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Japan-Korea Treaty
Japan forced Korea to agree to it
3 terms:
Japanese citizens couldn't be tried in Korea
Koreas didn't have to pay China money anymore
Japan could use 3 of Korea's ports -
Meijing Constitution
prime minister head of state
privy counsel, military, & cabinet had more power
established a parliament called Diet -
Korea Asked Japan for Help
Korea asked Japan for help with putting down a peasant revolt. Japan though Korea violated the treaty and assassinated Korean Empress Myeongseong. -
Period: to
First Sino-Japanese War
Caused by Japanese invasions & China banning Japanese imports
Japan invaded Manchuria
Japan seized Port Arthur & Weihaiwei -
Treaty of Shimonoseki
requested by China
Japan got:
Taiwan & Liaodong Peninsula
could use the Yangtze River
factories could import at 4 Chinese ports
compensated with money from China -
Taiwan Declared Independence
Taiwan declared itself the Republic of Formosa
challenged Japanese rule but 5 months later Japan won and Taiwan was again under Japanese control -
Anglo-Japanese Alliance
between Britain & Japan because they were worried about Russia's increasing control over China -
Period: to
Russo-Japanese War
only non-european state to win a war against a european state -
Treaty of Portsmouth
Terms:
Japanese troops give Manchuria to China
Japan could lease Liaodong & P.A from China
Japan could lease the Southern Manchurian Railway
recognized Japan control over Korea Japan got:
international respect
control of Korea (US got the Philippines)
extension of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance -
Twenty-One Demands
Japan issued to China
reduced to 13 demands
China agreed because Japan was powerful -
Paris Peace Conference
all LN members agreed on collective security
Japan got Shantung Peninsula but China got it back in a few years with US help
Japan could administer Germany's Pacific territories -
Four-Power Treaty
between Britain, France, the US, and Japan
they were to respect each others territories -
Five-Power Treaty
between the US, Britain, & Japan
no battleships to be made for 10 yrs
scrap some capital ships (most valuable war ships)
5:5:3 ratio of capital ships (US:Britain:Japan) -
Nine-Power Treaty
Japan agreed to remove military from Shantung Peninsula -
Peace Protection Law of 1925
people in Japan could get arrested & executed for wanting to change the Japanese government system -
The Great Depression
Japan relied on exports to the US
GNP fell 20% by 1931
Tokyo Stock Market lost 50% of its value
unemployment & political unrest rose -
London Naval Conference
Japan increased the ratio of battleships to 60%
60% ratio of cruisers remained
ultranationalists were against this which led to one of them assassinating the Japanese prime minister -
The Mukden Incident
a bomb damaged the South Manchurian Railway
Japan blamed China
historians believe Japan placed the bomb
because of this, Japan invaded Manchuria
led to the establishment of Manchukuo -
Period: to
Attempted Coups d'état
led by radical factions
assassinated high rank officials -
Stimson Doctrine
US wouldn't acknowledge any treaties or agreements between Japan & China that violated US rights -
Tanggu Truce
between China & Japan
Japan had control over Manchuria
China promised not to attempt to remove Japan from Manchuria
creation of neutral territory between Japanese & Chinese territories -
Umezu-He Agreements
Japan used the assassination to force China to accept it
allowed Japan to establish a puppet government (East Hebei Autonomous Council) in the Hebei Province -
Doihara Kenji-Qin Dechun Agreement
China would remove all troops from the Manchukuo border -
Anti-Comintern Pact
Japan & Germany against communism -
Marco Polo Bridge Incident
Chinese & Japanese troops fought at the bridge
China refused to apologize
Japan took Beijing which forced Chinese troops south
China retaliated by bombing Japan's part of Shanghai -
Nanjing Massacre
Prince Asaka headed the Central China Army (against China) and ordered the execution of all Chinese prisoners
an estimated 300,000 people died
turned the world view against Japan -
Period: to
Second Sino-Japanese War
Japan's goal was to capture Shanghai
Japan was brutal (ex. Japanese troops had contests to see who could kill the fastest)
Japan assumed the war would be over in 3 months -
Nazi-Soviet Pact
signed by Germany
violated the Anti-Comintern Pact
led tot he fall of the Japanese government
the new government tried to improve relations with the Soviet Union, Germany, & Italy -
Tripartite Pact
a formal alliance between Germany, Italy, & Japan -
Soviet Union Treaty
Japan signed a treaty with the Soviet Union -
The Hull Note
Cordell Hull, US Secretary of State demanded Japan to:
remove all troops from China & French Indochina
end participation in the Tripartite Pact
renounce its puppet government -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
sunk 4 battleships, damaged 4 others
sinking/damaging of at least 8 other ships, including 3 cruisers
destroyed 188 aircrafts
killed more than 2400 & injured at least 1200.
led to the US declaring war on Japan & officially entering WW2