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Dec 8, 1492
Migrate
Europeans migrated/moved to the new Americas -
Dec 8, 1492
Adobe
Native American names -
Dec 8, 1492
Iroquois league
Allies with William Pitt -
Dec 8, 1492
Prince Henry the Navigator
Directed Portuguese efforts to sail into the Atlantic to spread religion (Christianity and Islam) -
Dec 8, 1492
Christopher Columbus
Known as the founder of America (is not actually), forced leadership over Native Americans -
Dec 8, 1492
Conquistadores
Aztecas, Hernán Cortés, Francisco Pizarro -
Dec 8, 1492
Francisco Pizarro
Incas found and conquered land -
Dec 8, 1492
Hernan Cortes
Conquered Aztecas -
Dec 8, 1492
Moctezuma
Aztec emperor, gave Cortes gold, Aztecas stoned him to death -
Dec 8, 1492
Columbian Exchange
Delivered to new world, plants and animals -
Presidio
A fortified spanish military settlement -
Mestizo
Spanish and indian population decreased -
Northwest Passage
Sea route connected the Northern Atlantic and Pacific Ocean for a trade route -
Joint Stock Co
Business run colonies by royal control. Made VA of London, Jamestown -
John Smith
Adventurer who helps the success of many English settlements in America -
House of Burgesses
1st legislative assembly in the American colonies -
Bacon’s Rebellion
War against Native Americans -
Puritan
Church who wanted to “purify” or reform the church of England and then the Americas -
Mayflower Compact
1st government of the Plymouth colony -
William Penn
Leader of Quaker religion -
Indentured Servants
Men who would serve as a slave over debt from 3-5 then get sent to the new land -
Middle Passages
The trade route in which slaves were transported, terrible terrible conditions -
Magna Carta
The Charter made by King John of England that protected church payments from the crown -
English Bill Rights
Document that declared separation of power, freedom of speech, etc. -
Habeas Corpus
Legal action by which detainees can seek relief for unlawful imprisonment to the new land -
Salivary Neglect
British Policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws meant to keep American colonies obedient -
Mercantilist
Belief in me benefit of profitable trading; commercialism -
English Tenement
Intellectual movement that emphasized the use of reason and the scientific method as means of obtaining knowledge -
Great Awakening
A revival of religious feeling in the American colonies during the 1730’s and 1750’s -
Cash Crops
Crops traded and sold to other countries; brown gold (tobacco), white gold (cotton), wheat -
separation of the power
This is the equal separation of the power in the legislative government. -
Bicameral Legislature
having two legislative or parliamentary chambers. The relationship between these two are equal. -
The Articles of Confederation
first constitution of the United States. It was ratified on March 1, 1781. -
Northwest Ordinance
This was laws enacted about the east of the Mississippi river being settled and become states under certain conditions. -
Shays’ Rebellion
This was the name given to protests between 1786 and 1787 against the state and local enforcements about taxation. -
Great Compromise
This compromise created a dual system for the US government. -
The Federalist
This is 85 essays outlining the new US government and why it was chosen. This was written by three men, Madison, Hamilton and Jay. -
Popular Sovereignty
was the political doctrine that people who lived in a certain region had the right to choose their government. -
Limited Government
This is a political system in which the power was limited and spread out so every man would have a word. -
Checks and Balances
This is a political system in which the power is separated into three branches so no branch becomes too powerful. -
Cabinet
made up of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States, who are generally the heads of the federal executive departments. -
Alexander Hamilton
United States first secretary of treasury, major author in the Federalist paper. -
A tariff
a tax on imports or exports -
Loose Construction:
A broad interpretation of a statue or document in court. -
Strict Construction
A legal philosophy of judicial interpretation that limits judicial interpretation. -
Whiskey Rebellion
Rebellion on tax upon alcohol distilled in the US. -
John Jay
Member of the New York Committee of Correspondents, helped write the Federalist, President of Continental Congress. -
Alien and Sedition Acts
Four bills that were passed by the Federalists in the 5th United States Congress and signed into law by President John Adams in 1798. -
Treaty of Ghent
Signed on December 24, 1814, ended the war of 1812 in a peaceful manner. -
Marbury vs. Madison
Marbury and others jobs were never finalized and they sued for their jobs in the supreme court in 1801. -
Judicial Review
is the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review by the judiciary, which means they can invalidate any law passed by higher authority. -
Louisiana Purchase
The US purchased 828,000,000 square miles of territory in France, increasing the size of the young republic. -
Impressment
Taking Men into the navy without consent and warning. -
War Hawks
Political members who favor war in the debate about whether to go to war or stay in the condition they’re in now. -
Andrew Jackson
President 1829-1837 and was voted by popular election. -
Hartford Convention
series of meetings between December 5, 1814- January 5, 1815 in Hartford, Connecticut. -
Fort Sumter
First battle of the civil war.North has 300 men and south had a abundance of men.South sent out a threat to open fire.Two men died. -
Anaconda plan
Plan designed by winfield scott.
The plane consisted of cutting off the southhern ports.
Happened a week after the battle in fort sumter -
1st Bull run
First major battle of the cicil war.Fought near virginia. Union attacked the south first.South has less casualties then the north.Lincol replaced generals and increased troops after this loss. -
2nd bull run
North has near 10,000 deaths and south has 8,300 deaths so that means the south won again.Led to more battles after that. -
Antietam Battle
Bloodiest SIngle day battle in the history of american war. it was in Antietam Creek. First major battle of the civil war 26,000 casualties. -
Fredericksburg
He wanted to cross a river to get to the other side and destroy Robert E Lees flank line and the north had double the casualties then the south -
Chancellorsville
Northern leader had a surprise attack on the south tried to cut off the supply lines. -
Vicksburg
Estimated 37,400 casualties it ended on july 4th and was also apart of the anaconda plan.Ended in a union victory.Made the city starve and forfeit the city. -
Gettysburg
60,000 confederate soldier vs 3,000 union soldiers
One of the most important battle of the civil war.
North wins the battle.Major confidence boost for the North. -
Atlanta battle
South had the element of suprise. North had artillery and the general that likes the idea of total war. 3,400 Northerns killed and 8,500 southerns killed. -
Shermans march
Shermans march was the north burning all the crops from Atlanta to Savannah to starve the south.About 5,000 african americans sherman has recruited. -
Appomattox Court House
Confederates surrendered in April 9th the south had to sign a document to surrender. 700 casualties Confederate troops to return to their houses the next hour -
Peters burg
It was the final battle thay finally pushed the south to giving up. The point of this battle was to end the souths supply line by destroying the train tracks.Largest amount of African Americans at that time -
Reconstruction
the second sense focuses on the transformation of the Southern United States from 1863 to 1877, as directed by Congress -
Radical Republicans
They called themselves "Radicals" and were opposed during the war by the Moderate Republicans, by the Conservative Republicans, and by the pro-slavery Democratic Party -
Freedmans Bureau
was a U.S. federal government agency established in 1865 to aid freedmen in the South -
Black codes
These laws had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans' freedom, and of compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt -
Civil rights act 1866
first United States federal law to define US citizenship and affirmed that all citizens were equally protected by the law. -
14th amendment
addresses the equal protection and rights of former slaves. -
15th amendment
United States Constitution prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude -
Sharecropping
Sharecropping is a system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land. -
Ku Klux Klan
name of three distinct past and present movements in the United States that have advocated extremist reactionary currents such as white supremacy -
Enforcement acts
three bills passed by the United States Congress between 1870 and 1871
