-
451 BCE
Battle of Catalaunian Plains
A battle between Rome and the Huns, one of Rome's last military expansions. Ended in the Huns taking Gaul and crippling Rome's military power -
216 BCE
Battle of Cannae
The battle of Cannae was fought near the village of Cannae between the Romans and Carthage. The battle was won by Carthage but helped the Romans in following battles by teaching them about fighting formations -
115 BCE
Crassus
played a key role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire -
106 BCE
Pompey
played a significant role in the transformation of Rome from republic to empire -
100 BCE
Julius Caesar
A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and subsequently became dictator from 49 BC until his assassination in 44 BC -
83 BCE
Marcus Antony
played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autocratic Roman Empire. -
63 BCE
Octavian
He is known for being the founder of the Roman Principate, which is the first phase of the Roman Empire, and is considered one of the greatest leaders in human history -
52 BCE
Battle of Alesia
Last battle between the Gallic's and the Romans, ,marks end of Gallic independence -
42 BCE
Tiberius
was the second Roman emperor. He reigned from AD 14 until 37, succeeding his stepfather, the first Roman emperor Augustus -
31 BCE
Battle of Actium
Naval battle that allowed Augustus to consolidate his power over Rome -
10 BCE
Claudius
expanded the imperial bureaucracy to include freedmen, and helped restore the empire's finances after the excesses of Caligula's reign. He was also an ambitious builder, constructing new roads, aqueducts, and canals across the Empire -
9
Battle of the Teotoburg Forrest
The battle of the Teotoburg Forrest was fought between the Romans and Germania. This battle was one of the most important defeats for Rome as it stopped Augustus' seemingly unstoppable expansion and yielded Rome's expansion into Germania. -
12
Caligula
Caligula worked to increase the unconstrained personal power of the emperor, as opposed to countervailing powers within the principate. He directed much of his attention to ambitious construction projects and luxurious dwellings for himself, and he initiated the construction of two aqueducts in Rome -
37
Nero
focused on diplomacy, trade, and culture. He ordered the construction of amphitheaters, and promoted athletic games and contests. He also made public appearances as an actor, poet, musician, and charioteer -
76
Hadrian
e encouraged military preparedness and discipline and fostered, designed, or personally subsidised various civil and religious institutions and building projects. In Rome itself, he rebuilt the Pantheon and constructed the vast Temple of Venus and Roma -
121
Marcus Aurelius
He was the last of the rulers known as the Five Good Emperors. Involved In an age of relative peace, calmness and stability for the Roman Empire lasting from 27 BC to 180 AD. He served as Roman consul in 140, 145, and 161. -
188
Caracella
Caracalla's reign became notable for the Antonine Constitution (Latin: Constitutio Antoniniana), also known as the Edict of Caracalla, which granted Roman citizenship to all free men throughout the Roman Empire. -
272
Constantine
He restructured the government, separating civil and military authorities. To combat inflation, he introduced the solidus, a new gold coin that became the standard for Byzantine and European currencies for more than a thousand years.