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Richard Arkwright
Sir Richard Arkwright was an English inventor and a leading entrepreneur during the early Industrial Revolution. he also devised a simple but remarkable spinning machine. In his early career as a wig-maker, Arkwright traveled widely in Great Britain and began his lifelong practice of self-education. -
James Watt
James Watt FRS, FRSE was a Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer, and chemist who improved on Thomas Newcomen's 1712 Newcomen steam engine with his Watt steam engine in 1776, which was fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both his native Great Britain and the rest of the world. -
Cotton Gin
A cotton gin, meaning "cotton engine" is a machine that quickly and easily separates cotton fibers from their seeds, enabling much greater productivity than manual cotton separation. Handheld roller gins had been used in the Indian subcontinent since at earliest AD 500 and then in other regions. -
Mutual-aid societies
A mutual aid society is a community-based network that connects people in need with resources. Individuals volunteer and act cooperatively and in solidarity with each other. Mutual aid societies do not operate as businesses, as they are rooted in the foundation that communities support each other. -
Charles Darwin
Charles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology. His proposition that all species of life have descended from a common ancestor is now generally accepted and considered a fundamental scientific concept. -
Henry Bessemer
Sir Henry Bessemer FRS was an English inventor, whose steel-making process would become the most important technique for making steel in the nineteenth century for almost one hundred years. He also played a significant role in establishing the town of Sheffield, nicknamed ‘Steel City’, as a major industrial Centre. -
Tenements
A tenement is a type of building shared by multiple dwellings, typically with flats or apartments on each floor and with shared entrance stairway access. -
Socialism
is an economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse economic and social systems characterized by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership It describes the economic, political, and social theories and movements associated with the implementation of such systems. Social ownership can take various forms, including public. -
Germ Theory
The germ theory of disease is the currently accepted scientific theory for many diseases. It states that microorganisms known as pathogens or "germs" can cause disease. These small organisms, which are too small to be seen without magnification, invade humans, other animals, and other living hosts. -
social democracy
Social democracy is frequently considered a practical middle course between capitalism and socialism. Social democracy aims to use democratic collective action for promoting freedom and equality in the economy and opposes what is seen as inequality and oppression that laissez-faire capitalism causes. -
Gulglielmo Marconi
Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi, 1st Marquess of Marconi was an Italian electrical engineer, inventor, physicist and politician. He was known for his creation of a practical radio wave-based wireless telegraph system. Marconi was offered free passage on Titanic before she sank, but had taken Lusitania three days earlier. -
social Darwinism
Social Darwinists held that the life of humans in society was a struggle for existence ruled by “survival of the fittest,” a phrase proposed by the British philosopher and scientist Herbert Spencer. -
Airplane
Wilbur and Orville Wright spent four years of research and development to create the first successful powered airplane. The 1903 Wright Flyer. It first flew at Kitty Hawk and North Carolina. the first flight went for 227.3 mi. -
Assembly Line
An assembly line, often called progressive assembly, is a manufacturing process where the unfinished product moves in a direct line from workstation to workstation. With parts added in sequence until the final product is completed. -
communism
a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.