-
Period: Jan 1, 1400 to Jan 1, 1500
Before Colonization
Before European Colonization of Indonesia by the Spanish, Portuguese etc. began, Indonesia was very unique and diverse. There were many individual states that governed themselves, many states traded with each other. Also before colonization there were local leaders who's names were gods from Hinduism and also Bhuddhism. Sultan became widely used in islands of Indonesia too, from Islamic merchants. Individual states started to dissapear when colonies were formed and expanded on. -
Dutch East India Company was created
The Dutch East India Company (VOC) was created to trade spices and other goods, and colonize Indonesia. This would start the colonization of Indonesia under Dutch rule. The Dutch would now compete against other European countries to have colonies in Indonesia. -
Competition with the Portuguese
The Dutch were gaining land and were starting to colonize and compete against the Portuguese and the British. The Dutch now have fought the Portuguese away from their fort in western Timor. The Portuguese eventually only have control over East Timor -
Results of First Javanese War of Succession
As a result of the First Javanese War of Succession, The Dutch received permission to colonize and build forts on the island of Java. The Dutch were given permisssion by a ruler, named Pokubuwana I, the Dutch helped him gain power. -
Second War of Succession
Amangkurat IV took power after the Second Javanese War of Succession, he granted even more access to Java for the Dutch who helped him gain power. -
Third War of Succession
The result of the Third Javanese War of Succession was, Mataram (A kingdom on Java) was divided into two seperate states, both of the states have their own rulers, called sultans. After the war Pokubuwana II was generous and gave the Dutch a certain amount of time on the North Coast of Java for trade. -
Switch from Dutch East India Company to Dutch East Indies
As the Dutch East India Company lost all their money, the control over the colonized lands of Indonesia would swap from the chartered company to the national government of the Netherlands. The colony would be called the Dutch East Indies. -
Anglo-Dutch Treaty to seperate territory
The Anglo-Dutch Treaty was signed. This treaty divided the Malay Archipelago into two parts: Malaya, and North Borneo ruled by the UK, and the Dutch East Indies or the islands of present day Indonesia, ruled by the Netherlands. Two parts eventually became Malaysia and Indonesia respectively -
Period: to
Aceh War
The Dutch were explanding their colony to the western most end of Sumatra, the kingdom of Aceh. The result of the conflicts was in the favor of the Dutch. The Dutch had annexed Aceh, and had a new area in their colony. -
PKI Rebellion
The PKI (Communist Party of Indonesia) tried to overthrow the Dutch colonization, The Dutch then attacked back by getting rid of the PKI then. -
PNI rebellion
The PNI (Nationalist Party of Indonesia) was founded by Sukarno. This party was another attempt to overthrow the Dutch, but the Dutch also found a way to end rebellion. -
Japanese Occupation
Dutch colonial forces surrendered to the Japanese invaders who were conquering most of South-East Asia. The Indonesia's showed gratitude to the Japanese for freeing them from the Dutch. The Japanese did not treat the Indonesians well though. -
Japanese Losing Power
Japanese forces were losing momentum, and weakening. The Indonesian people's condition became worse, where people did not have sufficient supplies. The Japanese barely had control over their Indonesian colony. -
Indonesians Declare Independence
The Indonesians rebelled and declared independence. An new Indonesian government was established. -
Dutch's Attempt to Re-colonize
The Dutch were once again trying to re-gain Indonesia as a colony. The nationalists of Indonesia fought against the Dutch to remain an independent nation. -
Dutch Recognition of Indonesian Independence
Indonesia was granted independence from a conference in the Hague, because the Dutch would have needed to cause conflict to win control over Indonesia. Indonesia was known as a new independent nation, under President Sukarno. -
Addition to the Nation
West Irian on New Guinea was granted to Indonesia from the Dutch that had control over it after the independence of Indonesia. The new land was given to president Sukarno. -
New President
Conflict between anti-communist troops and communist troops led to President Sukarno stepping down. A communist rebellion or coup against the government was in place by the PKI (Communist Party of Indonesia). The rebellion was defeated by general Soeharto and he gained power after Sukarno left. -
Inspiring and Fixing a Nation
Soeharto became President and had to fix the damage that President Sukarno had left him. Soeharto also had to unite the country through nationalism, because the damage done divided the country. Soeharto also added more representation of the military in the government using militarism. -
Period: to
Invasion and Independence of East Timor
In 1975 Indonesian troops occupied East Timor right after the Portuguese grew unstable and left. The occupied East Timor was seen as part of Indonesia by nationalist Indonesians. East Tmor finally gained independence on May 20, 2002 after much conflict with Indonesia -
Restrictions in Politics
Soeharto set laws that would restrict the people's voice in government. Soeharto believed that to secure the nations economy, opposers of the government should not be allowed to say their thoughts. Only people who he believed were nationalists could be in the government.
