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The McCartney Expedition
the first British diplomatic mission to China. in an attempt to negotiate a preferential treaty of commerce and friendship with the Qianlong Emperor. In the eyes of the Chinese emperor the British had come to pay tribute to him rather than to establish diplomatic relations as understood in the West. In a lengthy edict addressed to George III, the Emperor refused to allow a permanent British mission to Peking, which was ‘a request contrary to our dynastic usage’. https://www.rct.uk/collection -
British trading Opium with China
British forces fought a war in China that benefitted drug smugglers. Their subsequent victory in the conflict opened up the lucrative Chinese trade to British merchants. China would trade anything for opium. they were hooked like crazy and they needed it. -
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The Opium Wars
This was a war/battle over opium and the foreigners won. China couldn't win due to how much they lost. they also lost because England also had India they could stay close the whole time. -
Japan Reopens their country to outsiders
American Commodore Matthew Perry led his four ships into the harbor at Tokyo Bay, seeking to re-establish for the first time in over 200 years regular trade and discourse between Japan and the western world. Although he is often credited with opening Japan to the western world, Perry was not the first westerner to visit the islands. Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch traders engaged in regular trade with Japan in the 16th and 17th centuries. -
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The Taiping Rebellion
this was a conflict-based rebellion. 20 million people died. this is when they tried and rebelled against England to be free. they lost after the Republic of china was made. -
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The Boxer Rebellion
this was a rebellion to get rid of western explorers and settlers. Chinese officialdom was split between those supporting the Boxers and those favoring conciliation, led by Prince Qing. The supreme commander of the Chinese forces, the Manchu General Ronglu.The Boxer Rebellion, also known as the Boxer Uprising, the Boxer Insurrection, or the Yihetuan Movement, was an anti-foreign, anti-colonial, and anti-Christian uprising in China between 1899 and 1901, -
China declares itself the new Chinese Republic
On 1 January 1912, Sun officially declared the establishment of the Republic of China and was inaugurated in Nanjing as the first Provisional President. this happened but it was still a little divided but they stuck together. The Republic experienced many trials and tribulations after its founding which included being dominated by elements as disparate as warlord generals and foreign powers. -
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The Meiji Restoration
was a political event that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Although there were ruling emperors before the Meiji Restoration, the events restored practical abilities and consolidated the political system under the Emperor of Japan.