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European trade with Africa becomes well established
European and African colonies trade devolped in the 1850's. European merchants from places like Britian, France, Portugal, and the Netherlands began trading along the west cost of Africa. Europeans also made "fortified" factories or warehouses on the coast to store goods and protect their goods from others. -
East India Company collapses due to Sepoy Rebellion; British Raj begins
The Sepoy Rebellion was a bloody and violent revolt against the British ruling India by sepoys, native soldiers. The Sepoy Rebellion was started by animal greased ammunition for their guns. The animal grease was beef that they had to bite to access the gunpowder. This offended a lot of sepoys, who started a revolt. After the East India Company collapsed, the British began the British Raj, which means the British rule of India. -
Suez canal links the Mediterranean and Red Seas
Ferdinand de Lesseps was ordered to create a canal that linked the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea for trade. It took 10 years for construction by forced laborers. The construction was stopped for a while, because of the British stopping the Egyptians using forced laborers. Finally, the canal opened in 1869. -
Berlin Conference convenes to discuss terms for African colonization; talks begin
The Berlin Conference was a conference of European nations to divide Africa. France, Britian, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, Spain, United States, and Swedan-Norway all participated in the talks that were called by Germany. -
Queen Liliuokalani takes the throne of Hawaii
Queen Lilioukalani inherited the throne from her brother, Kalakaua. The Queen wanted to draft a new constitution but it wasn't ever finished because of the U.S. invasion of Hawaii. The U.S took over Hawaii for economical reasons, because it was a tropical place, which the U.S didn't have. -
Ethiopians defeat the invading Italians at the battle of Adwa
The battle of Adwa was a battle between King Menelik and his Ethiopian troops vs the Italian army. The Italians were beaten back to Eritrea and left behind weapons and transportation that were taken by the Ethiopians. The Ethiopians didn't push further to push the Italians out of their colony. -
Spanish-American War breaks out; Puerto Rico, Philippines, and Spain taken from Spain
The Spanish-American War was a war between Spain and America that was started because the U.S.A was constantly interfering with Cuba. A mysterious sinking of an American boat in Havana, Cuba led to war. In this short war, America took over Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Spain. -
Boer War in South Africa
The Boer War was a war in between Boers, farmers against the British. The Boers first lost in head to head battles with the British and decided to use guerilla war tactics of small hit and runs. The British tried to counter this with concentration camps, but ended up killing many innocent. -
Most of Africa is under European control
In 1914, Africa was almost completely carved up. Some nations had huge chuncks of Africa, while others were given small snippets. The only African countries that remained independent were Ethiopia and Liberia, because they managed to manipulated the European powers.
