-
1800
the Qing dynasty of the Manchus was at the height of its power. -
1853
the rebels seized Nanjing, the second largest city of the empire, and massacred 25,000 men, women, and children. -
1858
As a result of the Treaty of Tianjin in 1858, the Chinese agreed to legalize the opium trade and open new ports to foreign trade. -
1863
The SatCho alliance (from Satsuma-Choshu) forced the shogun to promise to end relations with the West. -
1868
In 1868, the new leaders signed a Charter Oath, in which they promised to create a new legislative assembly within the framework of continued imperial rule. -
1889
Traditional values were also given a firm legal basis in the 1889 constitution, which lim- ited the right to vote to men. -
1904
In 1904, Japan launched a surprise attack on the Russian naval base at Port Arthur, which Russia had taken from China in 1898. -
1905
A convention in Tokyo, Sun united radical groups from across China and formed the Revolutionary Alliance -
1907
President Theodore Roosevelt made a “gentlemen’s agreement” with Japan that essentially stopped Japanese immigration to the United States. -
1910
In 1910, Japan annexed Korea outright.